Kubikwa ukuba ukwanda kwemithwalo yeekhonteyina kwihlabathi liphela kuye kwahlala kuzinzile, kwaye nezinga lemithwalo kwiindlela zorhwebo eziphambili zePasifiki liye lehla. Isixhobo sokubonisa ibhayisekile esingasemva, Isixhumi sabasetyhini esingu-2.54mm kunye nebhodi yesonka ibhloko yesiphelo kufuneka kuqatshelwe.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona izinga lokuthutha impahla liye lehla, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba yinto yexeshana nje. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izinga lokuthutha impahla lakutshanje ukusuka eShanghai ukuya eYurophu nakwiindlela zase-US liyaqhubeka kufutshane nenqanaba elipheleleyo lomthwalo, amazinga okuthutha impahla akwizinga eliphezulu, kwaye kukho iimpawu zokuqhubeka nokunyuka.
Idatha ibonise ukuba kwiveki ephelileyo (nge-29 kaNovemba ukuya kwi-3 kaDisemba) i-China export container freight index (CCFI, ebonisa ixabiso lokuhlawulwa kwenkampani yokuthumela) ibingatshintshi inyanga nenyanga, i-Shanghai export container index (SCFI, ebonisa iinkampani zokuthumela impahla kunye nempahla) inyuke nge-2.7% ukusuka kwinyanga nenyanga (jonga ngezantsi). I-Baltic Container Freight Index (FBX, ebonisa amaxabiso okuhlawulwa kwempahla) yehle malunga ne-15% ukusuka kwizinga layo eliphezulu likaSeptemba, ngelixa inyuke nge-0.08% kwiveki ephelileyo.
Kubikwa ukuba ukwanda kwemithwalo yeekhonteyina kwihlabathi liphela kuye kwahlala kuzinzile, kwaye nezinga lemithwalo kwiindlela zorhwebo eziphambili zePasifiki liye lehla.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona izinga lokuthutha impahla liye lehla, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba yinto yexeshana nje. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izinga lokuthutha impahla lakutshanje ukusuka eShanghai ukuya eYurophu nakwiindlela zase-US liyaqhubeka kufutshane nenqanaba elipheleleyo lomthwalo, amazinga okuthutha impahla akwizinga eliphezulu, kwaye kukho iimpawu zokuqhubeka nokunyuka.
Idatha ibonise ukuba kwiveki ephelileyo (nge-29 kaNovemba ukuya kwi-3 kaDisemba) i-China export container freight index (CCFI, ebonisa ixabiso lokuhlawulwa kwenkampani yokuthumela) ibingatshintshi inyanga nenyanga, i-Shanghai export container index (SCFI, ebonisa iinkampani zokuthumela impahla kunye nempahla) inyuke nge-2.7% ukusuka kwinyanga nenyanga (jonga ngezantsi). I-Baltic Container Freight Index (FBX, ebonisa amaxabiso okuhlawulwa kwempahla) yehle malunga ne-15% ukusuka kwizinga layo eliphezulu likaSeptemba, ngelixa inyuke nge-0.08% kwiveki ephelileyo.
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwiikhontrakthi zokuthunyelwa kwexesha elide kuyaqhubeka nokunyuka kakhulu
I-Xeneta, inkampani ecebisa ngedatha yokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ithi iinkampani ezifuna ukuvala iikhontrakthi zokuthunyelwa kwexesha elide ziya kujongana nobunzima obukhulu bokuthunyelwa kwempahla.
NgoNovemba ophelileyo, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo leekhontrakthi zokuthumela ixesha elide linyuke nge-16% nge-16%, linyuke nge-121% unyaka nonyaka, ngokwezibalo zeXeneta. Emva kokuba iikhontrakthi zexesha elide zazo zonke iindlela ezinkulu zokuthumela zinyuke ngerekhodi ngama-28% ngoJulayi.
Isivuthuvuthu esigqibeleleyo, esidalwe kukwanda kwemfuno, umthamo omkhulu wempahla, amazibuko axineneyo, ukutshintsha kwemikhwa yabathengi, kunye nokuphazamiseka okukhulu kweenkqubo zokuhambisa, sibangela ukunyuka kweendleko zokuhambisa "esingazange sizibone ngaphambili," utshilo umphathi weXeneta uPatrik Berglund.
Kwiikhontrakthi zamva nje zokuthumela impahla ixesha elide, i-US. Iikhontrakthi zokuthumela impahla ixesha elide kwimarike yase-US zinyuke nge-39% ngoNovemba kunye ne-122% ngonyaka, ngokutsho kweXeneta. Iikhontrakthi zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle zexesha elide zase-US nazo zinyuke nge-9% ngaloo nyanga.
Ukungabikho kwebhokisi yokunciphisa "ibhokisi kunzima ukuyifumana" ibe "yikhabhathi kunzima ukuyifumana"
Ngaphambili, ukujikeleza kweekhonteyina, ukubuya kancinci kunye "nobunzima bokufumana" yayizezinye zezizathu zokuba kubekho amazinga aphezulu okuthutha impahla elwandle. Itshintshe ntoni imeko namhlanje?
Kwizibuko leekhonteyina laseShenzhen Yantian Port, phantse yonke indawo yokumisa iinqanawa ineenqanawa ezimisa iinqanawa, kwaye yonke indawo yokusebenza isebenza ngokupheleleyo. Kuyaqondakala ukuba kwinkqubo encinci ye-logistics yezibuko laseYantian, ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukunqongophala kwebhokisi engenanto, kwaye ngoNovemba sele kudlulile.
Imveliso yeekhonteyina zesinyithi eTshayina inyuke izihlandlo ezili-1.7 kwiinyanga ezisibhozo zokuqala zalo nyaka, ngokutsho kweNational Bureau of Statistics. Okwangoku, nangona ingxaki yokunqongophala kwebhokisi isonjululwa okwethutyana, kodwa ingxaki yengxaki yekhabhathi iseyingxaki enkulu, kungekuphela nje "ibhokisi" kunye "nebhokisi" eziye zaba yinto eqhelekileyo, kwanakwikona kunye nekona yendawo yeekhonteyina, amashishini enze iingcinga.
Imarike yokuthumela imithwalo iyaqhubeka nokuba nomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuze kuthunyelwe, amashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle axakeke kakhulu. Abanini abancinci bedibene, baqokelela ibhokisi, abanini abakhulu, iiarhente bacinga ngendlela "yokupakisha imithwalo", ukusombulula ingxaki yokuhanjiswa kwempahla.
Amaxabiso aphezulu empahla angaqhubeka kwixesha elifutshane
Ukususela kwikota yesi-4 ka-2020, umthamo wemithwalo yeendlela zase-Asia-North America uqhubekile nokunyuka ngokungalindelekanga, kwaye amandla okuguquguquka kwamazibuko ase-US kunye nothungelwano lokuhambisa impahla ngaphakathi elizweni alinganiselwe, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni izinga lokuthutha impahla linyuke amaxesha amaninzi ukuya kwirekhodi yembali. Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha lesiqhelo lekota yesi-3 liyehla inyanga nenyanga, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokwanda kokuxinana kwamazibuko asentshona.
Amaxabiso luphawu olubonakalayo olubonisa iziseko zobonelelo kunye nemfuno, umhlalutyi waseGuotai Junan uZheng Wu usandula ukukhupha ingxelo yophando yokuba ukwanda kweempahla kunyuke ngama-20% kwikota yesithathu, ngaphantsi kwekota yesibini. Ngokutsho kokuthunyelwa kwempahla e-Asia kwiwebhusayithi ye-CTS, ukukhula ngoSeptemba bekungokwexeshana elifutshane, kunye noqikelelo lokuba u-Okthobha uza kwehla kwaye ukungeniswa kwempahla e-US evela e-China kwehle inyanga nenyanga ngo-Okthobha. Xa kuqwalaselwa ukwehla okuphantse kube ngama-20% kwiinyanga ezimbini ezidlulileyo kunye nokwehla kwezinga lokukhula kwempahla yomoya yaseMntla Melika, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqaphele umngcipheko wokunyuka kwemfuno.
Nangona kunjalo, umhlalutyi wezokhuseleko lolwandle uFan Lei, uphendule ngelithi ixabiso lokuthumela alibonisi ukuba isikali sokuthumela ngaphandle siya kuba buthathaka kwixesha elifutshane, kwelinye icala, ixabiso libonakala kakhulu kwimarike yesibini, kwimarike yemithwalo yesikhongozeli, iinkampani zokuthumela kunye ne-arhente yazo ethe ngqo (i-primary freight forwarder) inika amandla, isaphezulu kakhulu kunenqanaba langaphambi kokuqhambuka, imfuno yemarike yokuthumela imithwalo isaqinile iyonke. Kwelinye icala, ukusukela ngoSeptemba, imeko yokubonelela ngempahla yokuthumela imithwalo kwihlabathi liphela iye yaphucuka kancinci kwaye yakha inkxaso ethile yokuthumela ngaphandle. Ulindelo lwemarike lolu phuculo sisizathu esibalulekileyo sokunciphisa amaxabiso okuthunyelwa kwempahla kwimarike yokuthumela imithwalo yesibini.
Idatha yamva nje ibonisa ukuba izalathisi ezinxulumeneyo ezibonisa amazinga okuthutha impahla ziyaqhubeka nokunyuka, kwicala apho imfuno yezothutho oluphakathi isenamandla. Ukongeza, ukuvela kwakutshanje kweentlobo ezintsha ze-Omikjon variant kuye kwaqinisa inkxalabo yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo koqoqosho lwehlabathi. Abanye abantu abangaphakathi bakholelwa ukuba ubhubhane uya kunceda amazinga okuthutha impahla amaninzi, kwaye amazinga aphezulu okuthutha impahla anokuqhubeka kwixesha elifutshane.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-10-2021