I te 7 o Hune, i whakaputa a Freightwaves i tētahi tuhinga kua hainatia e Henry Byers, e tātari ana i ngā take maha mō te hekenga o te tono kawemai a te US, he mea tika kia arotakehia e ngā kamupene kawemai me te kaweake. Ngā Whakaata Whakaata, Ngā Hononga Poraka Whakamutunga
me Hononga din 4-pine me mōhio.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga hou mō te tono ipu kaipuke, ahakoa te kaha o ngā taumata o te tau 2022 i ngā marama tuatahi e rima o te tau 2022. I te mea kei te pumau tonu te kaha puta noa i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, i whakaatu a Freightos (Tuhipoka a te ētita: Ngā tūāpapa tono me te utu utanga o te ao) i heke iho ngā utu ipu wāhi, mai i Haina ki te takutai uru, mā te 38 ōrau ia marama ki te $9,630.
Ahakoa ka piki haere ngā hua o te tuku utanga, tera pea ka tīmata ngā kamupene taraka o Amerika me ngā kaiwhakarato waka whakawhiti-momona ki te kite i te hekenga o ngā tuku.
Kei te tere te hoki o ngā tauira hoko a ngā kaihoko ki ngā taumata i mua i te mate urutā, i te mea kei te pāngia ngā kaihokohoko o Amerika e te nui rawa o ngā taonga. I heke ngā hea whāinga i te ata o te Tūrei i muri i te kī a ngā kaiwhakahaere o te kamupene ka tuku hekenga utu, ka whakakore i ngā ota hoko, ka mahi tere ki te whakakore i ngā taonga taikaha.
Nā tēnei hoki i heke ai te 36 ōrau o ngā kawemai ipu o Amerika mai i ngā whenua katoa, i ia tau, i ia tau rānei, i te taumata raumati rānei o ngā taumata o te tau 2020. Nā te aha i heke ohorere ai ngā kawemai ipu? Ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei e whakamārama ana i te hekenga ohorere o ngā tau.
rawa te taonga
Ko te tino take ko te nui o ngā hea o Amerika e toe ana. Nā te ngana a ngā kamupene ki te whakakī i te nuinga o ngā taonga i pau i te tau 2021, me te hiahia anō hoki ki te pupuri i ngā taonga hei whakatau i ngā raruraru pea o te kawe taonga. Kua kaha ake ēnei āwangawanga nā ngā rāhui maha, engari ko ngā mōrearea ā-ao tōrangapū te āhua nei kua piki haere i muri i te pakanga neke atu i te 100 ngā rā ki muri; i whakatau ngā kamupene, ahakoa pai, ahakoa kino, kaua e aro ki te mōrearea o te pikinga ohorere o te tono a ngā kaihoko me ngā taonga ki tāwāhi.
Nō reira, ki te neke te ia o ngā kaihoko mai i ngā taonga ki ngā ratonga, tera pea ka mau tonu ēnei kamupene whakaputa taonga ki te nui rawa o ngā taonga e penapena ana, ki ngā taonga hē rānei hei pupuri i ngā hoko. Ko te kohikohinga o ngā taonga ka arahi pea ki te puhoi o ngā ota kawemai hou, ā, ka tāpiri atu ki te raruraru e kitea ana e tātou i runga i te tono mō ngā kawemai ipu o Amerika. I te Tūrei noa nei, i panuitia e Target tētahi kaupapa whakaiti taonga "kaha" e arotahi ana ki te whakakore i ngā ota me te whakatairanga utu.
I runga ake nei, e whakaatu ana i te pikinga o ngā taonga, i raro iho nei, e whakaatu ana i te hekenga o ngā kawemai, kei te whakaitihia e ngā kaihokohoko te tere o ā rātou whatunga whai muri i te pānga o te pupū utanga whakamutunga ki te takutai o Amerika.
Kei te tukinotia ngā kaihoko
I te haere tonu o te pikinga utu, me te piki haere o ngā utu, te āhua nei ka kino haere ngā kaihoko. I tēnei wiki noa nei, i pūrongo te AAA (tuhipoka a te ētita: American Automobile Association, AAA) i tētahi taumata teitei hou o te $4.51 te karani.
E whakapae ana ētahi tohunga ōhanga ka pāngia pea tātou e te "tihi o te pikinga utu" i te tīmatanga o te Fed ki te whakapiki i ngā reiti huamoni me te whakaiti i tana pepa toenga. Heoi, ahakoa ka tīmata te whakaiti i ngā pēhanga pikinga utu, ka pāngia tonu ngā kaihoko e ngā reiti huamoni teitei ake nā te whakamahinga o te nama, ka kino ake pea te tono me te whakapaunga matawhāiti.
Kua tere ake te whakamahi kāri nama i te mea kei te heke tonu te reiti penapena whaiaro, ā, kei te neke atu ki te reiti huamoni iti rawa (ko te pānui whakamutunga ko te 4.4) mai i te raruraru pūtea nui (4.5 i te marama o Ākuhata 2009). Anei ngā huarahi e rua hei whakamārama i ngā reiti penapena tino iti: he tino māia ngā kaihoko, ā, he pai ki te whakapau moni, he whakapau rānei i ia tāra hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia me te pikinga utu nui.—— He uaua ki te whakaaro kei te piki haere te whakapaunga a ngā kaihoko i tēnei wā.
Engari, kāore te pikinga utu o te pūngao me te kai e mōhio, e aro rānei ki te āhua o ngā pēke moni a ngā kaihoko o Amerika —— te āhua o te pikinga utu i roto i ēnei ahumahi nā ngā ohorere o te tuku, ehara i te whakaohooho tono. Ko tētahi atu mea hei maumahara ko te tere tipu o ngā utu kaihanga kua hipa ake i ngā utu kaihoko, nō reira ka pāngia tonu ētahi kaihanga e te pikinga o ngā utu, engari kāore anō kia tukuna atu tēnei ki ngā kaihoko.
Ahakoa kua eke te tapeke o ngā nama hurihuri ki ngā taumata i mua i te mate urutā, kei te tere haere tonu, ā, ki te piki tonu ngā utu, he mea tika kia tumanakohia ka piki anō hoki te nama hurihuri.
I te tirohanga tuatahi, tera pea ka whakatauhia e te ripanga hokohoko (te tūtohi i raro nei) kei te tipu haere ngā hoko hokohoko, engari kia maumahara ka inehia tēnei i roto i ngā tāra noa, kāore i whakatikatikaina mō te pikinga utu, ā, e tohu ana i ngā utu hoko taonga teitei ake - ehara i te kaha ōhanga, i te manawanui rānei o ngā kaihoko. Ehara i te mea ko ngā kamupene whakaputa taonga anake, ā, ka pāngia hoki ngā kamupene ratonga me te hangarau e te pēhanga i ngā marama e haere ake nei, ā, ko te hoko hea ka arahi pea ki te whakakorenga mahi.
Kei te kite haere tātou i ngā tohu e whakaatu ana kei te heke haere te hiahia o ngā kaihoko o te US, ā, ka heke haere te maha o ngā ipu kawemai ki ngā taumata tata ki te tau 2019, nō reira he mea tika kia akohia ngā ara hokohoko Sino-US e kukume ana i te nuinga o ngā rahinga hokohoko.
Ki te titiro ki te katoa o ngā rerenga o ngā tauranga katoa mai i Haina ki te US, ka kite tātou i te hekenga o ngā waka mai i te "tīmatanga o te wā tino nui" i te marama o Hepetema 2021 ki te Tūrei (kua heke inaianei mā te 51% mai i te tihi). Ahakoa i roto i ngā kōrero tuku iho (i mua i te pakanga hokohoko/te pakarutanga), i te mutunga o Poutū-te-rangi ki te tīmatanga o Mei he wā ngoikore te rahinga o ngā huarahi hokohoko, engari me mārama anō hoki ko te kāwanatanga Haina i Shanghai me ētahi atu rohe hanga nui (ina koa i te taha o Beijing me te taha o te tauranga matua i Tianjin) o ngā mahi ārai me te aukati i ngā mate urutā i whakanui ake i te hekenga o te rahinga waka.
Ahakoa te aukati, te āhua nei kāore e taea te karo i te hekenga o te waka i te huarahi hokohoko matua i te tau 2022, nā te mea he nui ngā rahinga i waenga i a Haina me Haina kei ngā taumata kāore i kitea i mua, kāore hoki e taea te pupuri i te tau 2021. Ināianei, me te whakatuwheratanga anō o Haina, kua karanga ētahi kaitirotiro ahumahi kia "pikinga ake ngā ipu," engari te āhua nei kua tino pāngia te ara hokohoko e te whakararuraru tono.
Kāore anō i mua, he "ngaru ipu"
Ko te nuinga o te "pikinga ipu" i tumanakohia mai i Shanghai (i kiia he mea kua roa te haere i te wā o te aukati) te āhua nei i wehe atu i te tauranga o Ningbo. Nā ngā here o uta (arā, ngā katinga o ngā rori), i aukatia te urunga ki te tauranga, ā, i tere te whakarite a ngā kaituku kaipuke i ngā waka mā te tauranga nui kē atu e tata ana ki te tauranga. Ko te hekenga o ngā pukapuka hou (me te rahinga utanga) mai i te aukati i Shanghai i te mutunga o Poutū-te-rangi kua whakakorengia e te pikinga o ngā tuku i tahuri atu i Ningbo. Nā te mea e tere ana ngā kaituku kaipuke ki te tango i ngā taonga, ka eke hoki ngā wā tuku pukapuka ki te taumata iti rawa kua tuhia.
Ahakoa te whakatuwheratanga anō o Shanghai, kei te heke tonu te tapeke o ngā ipu mai i Haina ki te Hononga o Amerika, ā, mā te whakangawari i ngā mahi whakahaere hou mō te mate korona anake, kāore pea e taea te whakakore. Mō ngā raraunga hou, mēnā koinei te "pikinga ipu" mai i Shanghai ki ngā tauranga o Amerika i te wā i whakatuwheratia anō ai i te Wenerei kua hipa, he iti noa iho tēnei ki te whakataurite ki tā tātou i kite ai mai i Shanghai ki te US i ngā marama 18-22 kua hipa. Ka taea e tēnei "pikinga" te huri ngāwari i roto i ā tātou raraunga pukapuka i ngā wiki e haere ake nei, ā, ki te pehia te tono, kāore e kore ka kitea i roto, engari tae noa ki te Tūrei kua hipa, kāore anō kia whakatinanahia i roto i tētahi huarahi mārama.
Nā te hekenga tonu o te nui o ngā waka mai i Haina ki te Hononga o Amerika, kua nui te pēhanga ki ngā utu utanga ā-rohe mai i te taumata tono. I te mea i noho pumau tonu te kaha i ngā wiki tuatahi i muri i te aukati (i muri i te 28 o Poutū-te-rangi), i heke te utu ā-rohe o Haina / te takutai moana o Āhia ki te Rawhiti-Hauauru o te taupū utanga Freightos Baltic (41% ia FEU ia marama ki te $9,630 ia FEU, me te 36% ki te $11,907 ia FEU). Mō ngā kaipuke e raru ana ki ngā utu utanga rekoata i te tau 2021, me mahara hoki tātou kei te piki haere ēnei utu ā-rohe ia tau (73% i te Tai Hauāuru me te 59% i te Tai Rāwhiti).
Mena ka ngoikore tonu ngā pukapuka i te marama o Hune, e matapaetia ana ka heke anō ngā reiti hokohoko i runga i te huarahi hokohoko, engari tera pea ka kaha ake te mahi a ngā kamupene kaipuke ki te tiaki i ā rātou whiwhinga nui. Kua tapahia kētia e rātou te kaha ki runga i ngā huarahi hokohoko nui mā te whakakore i ngā huarahi me te whakaiti i ngā kaipuke, engari ki te tere haere te hekenga o ngā pukapuka i roto i ngā wiki e haere ake nei, tera pea ka kite tātou ka whakamatautauria te hononga moana e te kaha me te mana whakahaere onge.
Ki te tīmata te heke tere o ngā utu utanga, he mea tika kia whakapaetia ka tino whakahekehia e ngā kamupene kaipuke kāore anō kia herea te nuinga o ā rātou pakihi ki ngā kirimana wā roa ā rātou utu kia taea ai te whakataetae i te mākete wā.
He mea whakamīharo, ko ngā kōrerorero mahi whakamutunga mō te tauranga i te Tauranga o Long Beach i Los Angeles i te tau 2014-2015 i puta ai he raruraru i roto i te mekameka tuku (i piki ake ai ngā taonga o te US), ā, i puta ai he āhuatanga rite tonu. Tērā pea kāore tēnei e tino pono i muri i te tau o te nui o te rahinga, engari ko te ngoikore nui o ngā reiti i te wā kotahi ka arahi pea ki te whakarerekētanga me te/ranei te hanganga anō o te hononga moana o nāianei.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-23-2022