Ngokusho kwe-China Trade Relief Information Network, i-India yethule amacala okusiza kwezohwebo angu-25 ngokumelene ne-China ngo-2020, okuhlanganisa angu-24 okulwa nokulahla izimpahla kanye nelilodwa lokulwa noxhaso, okubekwe endaweni yokuqala emhlabeni. Lapho yenza ibhizinisi ne-India, izixhumi ze-terminal, ikhanda lowesifazane futhi izibonisi zamaloli insimu kufanele iqashelwe.
I-APP yesiShayina engu-4 ivinjelwe unyaka wonke
Ngobusuku bangomhla zingama-29 kuNhlangulana 2020, uhulumeni waseNdiya wavimbela ngokuzumayo ukusetshenziswa kwe-APP yesiShayina engu-59" eNdiya, okuhlanganisa amabhokisi eposi e-TikTok, WeChat, Weibo, QQ, iziphequluli ze-UC, njll. Ngomhla zingama-25 kuNtulikazi, i-WeChat yabeka imingcele ngokusemthethweni abasebenzisi bayo eNdiya ukuthumela nokwamukela imiyalezo. Ngo-2020, izikhathi ezine zilandelana, khubaza izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezinesizinda sesiShayina.
Kusukela ngo-2021, i-India iyaqhubeka "nokwenza idimoni": ngokusho kombiko wezindaba zaseNdiya ngoJanuwari 25, uMnyango Wezobuchwepheshe Nolwazi waseNdiya ukhiphe isaziso esisha, okwenza umyalelo okhishwe ngoJuni odlule wokuvimbela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingama-59 zaseShayina, njengeziphequluli ze-TikTok、WeChat、UC, ube ukuvinjelwa unomphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekupheleni kuka-2020, i-India ayizange ihlanganiswe lapho amazwe angu-15 ahlanganisiwe i-China, i-Japan, i-Republic of Korea, i-Australia, i-New Zealand kanye ne-ASEAN esayina i-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), eyasayinwa yila mazwe ayi-10.
Njengezwe elibalulekile lase-Asia, i-India ekugcineni ikhethe ukungayijoyini i-RCEP. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yezingxoxo, i-India ayijoyini i-RCEP yize kunezizathu zezomnotho, zezikhungo, zamasu, zengqondo kanye nezinye ezithile, kodwa indlela "yokuphinda udlale" isobala kakhulu. Ukuhlaziywa okuqondile kwezizathu ezithile zokuthi kungani i-India ingajoyini i-RCEP kufake okulandelayo:
Umnotho waseNdiya wenze impumelelo enkulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, kodwa isakhiwo sawo sezimboni asifaneleki neze, sibuswa yizinsizakalo, imboni, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza kube yingxenye ephansi yomnotho wonke. Uma kuhlanganiswa nokucindezela kukaNdunankulu uModi ngo-2014 kokuthi "kwenziwe eNdiya" akuzange kufinyelele imiphumela ebilindelekile, ukuncika ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuntuleka kokuhweba kwesikhathi eside. Njengamanje, iNdiya ine-deficit yokuhweba namazwe ayi-11 kwangu-15 angamalungu e-RECP, ngenxa yomkhakha wokukhiqiza obuthakathaka waseNdiya, ukukhiqizwa okuncane nokungabandakanywa, amanani aphezulu omkhiqizo kanye nokuntuleka kokuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Imikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi ikhiqiza amaphesenti ayi-10 kuphela empahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle eNdiya, kuyilapho imikhiqizo eyinhloko ikhiqiza ingxenye yesithathu. Imikhiqizo eminingi yezimboni, njengesamente nensimbi, ibiza ngaphezu kuka-20% noma ngaphezulu kuka-30% wemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa iNdiya ikholelwa ukuthi inemakethe enkulu yasekhaya futhi imikhiqizo yayo ingahlangabezana nemakethe yasekhaya.
Ezolimo zaseNdiya zincike kakhulu ezixhasweni zikahulumeni, izinga eliphansi lokuthuthukiswa kwesimanje, azinakuqhathaniswa ne-Australia, iNew Zealand, iJapan njalo njalo. Uma intela ye-RCEP incishiswa noma iqedwa, izimboni ezibuthakathaka njengokukhiqiza, ezolimo, imikhiqizo yobisi zizothinteka, amanye amabhizinisi azovalwa futhi abasebenzi bazophelelwa yimisebenzi.
Njengezwe elinezindlela zokuvikela intela kanye nezingakhokhisi intela isikhathi eside, i-India yayinentela ephezulu kakhulu phakathi kwamalungu ayo e-RCEP futhi yayisayine isivumelwano sokuhweba samahhala ne-India, esasifuna izivumelwano ezinkulu kwamanye amazwe. Isibonelo, i-CEPA (Isivumelwano Sokubambisana Kwezomnotho Esiphelele ne-Japan) saseNdiya, intela ye-India emikhiqizweni yaseJapan yehliswe yaba ngamaphesenti angu-7.5, kanti intela ye-Japan emikhiqizweni yaseNdiya yehliswe yaba ngamaphesenti angu-3.3.
Kulokhu, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamazwe angamalungu, amanye amazwe aphansi kunezinga lentuthuko yomnotho yaseNdiya. Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza izivumelwano ezinkulu neNdiya yodwa. Ukuntuleka kokuhweba eNdiya kukhule ngenxa yokwesaba ukusetshenziswa kabi ngamazwe afana neShayina, iJapani kanye neNingizimu Korea, kuyilapho ixoxisane ngokuphindaphindiwe ngamanani entela ayisisekelo, imithetho yemvelaphi, ukuhweba ngezinsizakalo, izimakethe kanye nemithetho yokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ikhathazekile ngomthelela wokujoyina i-RCEP ezimbonini ezihlobene kanye nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwezigidi zabantu, okungahambisani nombono wayo wokuvuselela ukukhiqiza, i-India ikhethe ukungayijoyini i-RCEP.
2. Ngikhathazekile nge-RCEP eholwa yiShayina
I-India ibilokhu ikhathazekile kakhulu ngokukhula kweShayina, inqubomgomo yayo yokubambisana kwamanye amazwe ihlala ilawulwa yiyo ngokwayo, ikhuthaza ngenkuthalo i-BIMSTEC (inhlangano yokubambisana kwezomnotho nobuchwepheshe ye-Bay of Bengal)," uhlelo lwezimvula "," i-Indian Ocean Regional Cooperation Alliance "," i-Indian Ocean Naval Forum "njalonjalo.
Phakathi kwamalungu e-RCEP, iShayina iyona enomnotho omkhulu futhi ingenye yamalungu amahlanu ahlala njalo eMkhandlu Wezokuphepha weZizwe Ezihlangene. Abezindaba baseNtshonalanga kanye nemithombo yaseNdiya bavumelana ngokuthi i-RCEP izobuswa yiShayina noma ukuthi iShayina izonika i-RCEP ithuba lokukhulisa ithonya lesifunda. OwayenguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseNdiya, uKanwar Sibal (Kanwal Sibal), uthe amazwe "e-Indo-Pacific Strategy" afuna "ukulwa neShayina", kuyilapho i-RCEP iqinisa ubudlelwano bezomnotho neShayina futhi yanciphisa indima ye-Indo-Pacific Alliance.
Ngenxa yalokho, i-India ayithandi ukujoyina i-RCEP ephethwe yiShayina
3. Ukuphikiswa amabutho asekhaya
I-India iyipolitiki yokhetho kanye nomdlalo wentshisekelo, futhi inqubomgomo yayo yezangaphandle ithonywa yizici eziningi. Njengamanje, i-India ayinalo nje kuphela uqhekeko olukhulu kwezepolitiki, kodwa futhi nomnotho awukakhi imakethe ehlangene. Izwe lakhe belilokhu linezwi elihlukile lokuthi lijoyine i-RCEP. Ukuphikiswa okukhulu kuvela emabhizinisini amancane naphakathi ancintisanayo kanye nabalimi, kanye namanye amandla ezepolitiki asekhaya. Eyokuqala ingeyabantu abaphansi, abahola kancane, abakwazi ukuthwala ingcindezi yokuncintisana kanye nengozi elethwa yi-RCEP, kanti eyesibili iphikisana nokujoyina i-RCEP ikakhulukazi ngezinhloso zezepolitiki.
Ngengcindezi enkulu, uhulumeni kaModi kwadingeka ayeke ukujoyina i-RCEP, ukuze aqhubeke nesisekelo sakhe sokubusa sasekhaya.
4. Ukwehla kokukhula komnotho
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula komnotho, uhulumeni kaModi ukhiphe uhlelo lokutshalwa kwezimali olukhulu futhi wathuthukisa ngenkuthalo indawo yebhizinisi ukuze kudonswe utshalomali lwangaphandle, kuthuthukiswe imboni yokukhiqiza kanye nochungechunge lwezimboni, kodwa umphumela awugculisi. Njengamanje, ukwehla komnotho waseNdiya kubi kakhulu, ukuvikelwa kwasekhaya kuphezulu. Ngo-2020, izinga lokukhula komnotho waseNdiya lifinyelele phansi kakhulu emashumini eminyaka, lithintekile yilolu bhubhane. Njengoba ukukhula komnotho kwehla, izinguquko zamiswa, izikweletu zanda, ukungasebenzi kwanda, futhi abantu babezabalaza, amaqembu aphikisayo kanye nabalimi abangancintisani kakhulu, osomabhizinisi kanye nosomabhizinisi baqala ukuhlasela uhulumeni kaModi njalo. Uma uhulumeni esayina i-RCEP, ingcindezi yokuphikisa inkulu.
5 Shiya isikhala sokulandela isu le-Indo-Pacific
Sekuyisikhathi eside, i-India ilandela inqubomgomo yezangaphandle esebenzayo. Njengamanje, ohlakeni lokubambisana kwesifunda, ngaphezu kwe-RCEP, i-United States namanye amazwe aheha i-India ngenkuthalo ukuthi ijoyine "iSu le-Indo-Pacific", i-Brexit Britain nayo inethemba lokusayina isivumelwano sokuhweba ngokukhululekile ne-India. I-India ikholelwa ukuthi isikhathi samanje samathuba entuthuko, wonke amaqembu anawo e-India, angabekwa enkingeni.
Ngenxa yokweqisa ithonya layo, i-United States, kanye nokuhoxa kwesu "le-India-Pacific", i-India "ibiza kakhulu" noma "iphikisana" ngezindaba ze-RCEP, okwenza izingxoxo zibe nzima kakhulu.
Indlela Yokucabangela Ubudlelwano Bezohwebo Phakathi KweSino-Indian
Ngaphansi kwezimo zezinguquko ezinkulu endleleni yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nobunzima ebudlelwaneni phakathi kweSino-Indian, ukukhetha kweNdiya kudinga ukubhekwa ngendlela eqotho, ezolile nenengqondo. Esikhathini esizayo, iShayina neNdiya, kanye namanye amazwe afanele, kufanele balwele ukuqeda ukungezwani, bahlanganise ukungafani, bakhuthaze ngokubambisana inqubo yokuhlanganiswa komnotho wesifunda, futhi bakhe ikusasa elingcono.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-01-2021