E ai ki te China Trade Relief Information Network, i whakarewahia e Īnia e 25 ngā take whakaora hokohoko ki a Haina i te tau 2020, tae atu ki te 24 ngā take ārai-tuku me te 1 take ārai-tāpui, koia te tuatahi o te ao. I te wā e mahi pakihi ana me Īnia, ngā hononga pūrua, pane wahine me ngā whakaata taraka me mārama te mara.
4 Ngā taupānga Hainamana kua aukatia puta noa i te tau
I te ahiahi o te 29 o Hune 2020, i aukati ohorere te kāwanatanga o Īnia i te whakamahinga o ngā taupānga Hainamana 59" i Īnia, tae atu ki a TikTok, WeChat, Weibo, QQ pouaka mēra, UC pūtirotiro, me ētahi atu. I te 25 o Hūrae, i whakawhāiti mana a WeChat i ana kaiwhakamahi i Īnia ki te tuku me te whiwhi karere. I te tau 2020, mō ngā wā e whā karapīpiti, i whakakorehia ngā taupānga pūkoro me te papamuri Hainamana.
Mai i te tau 2021, kei te haere tonu a Īnia ki te "whakakino": e ai ki te pūrongo pāpāho Īnia i te 25 o Hānuere, kua whakaputa te Tari Hikohiko me te Hangarau Pārongo Īnia i tētahi pānui hou, e aukati ana i te ture whakahaere i tukuna i te Pipiri kua taha ake nei e aukati ana i ngā taupānga Hainamana e 59, pērā i a TikTok, WeChat, me ngā pūtirotiro UC, hei aukati tuturu.
Hei tāpiri atu, i te mutunga o te tau 2020, kāore a Īnia i whakaurua i te wā i hainatia ai te Whakaaetanga Hononga Ōhanga Whānui ā-Rohe (RCEP) e ngā whenua 15 o Haina, Hapani, te Repupiripia o Kōrea, Ahitereiria, Aotearoa me ASEAN.
Hei whenua nui o Āhia, i whakatau a Īnia kia kaua e uru atu ki te RCEP. Whai muri i ngā tau o ngā whiriwhiringa, kāore a Īnia e uru atu ki te RCEP, ahakoa he take ōhanga, he take whakahaere, he take rautaki, he take hinengaro me ētahi atu take motuhake, engari he tino mārama te whakaaro "tākaro anō". Ko te tātaritanga whāinga o ngā take motuhake i kore ai a Īnia e uru atu ki te RCEP i whakaurua ki ēnei e whai ake nei:
Kua tino angitu te ōhanga o Īnia i ngā tau tata nei, engari he tino koretake te hanganga ahumahi, ā, kua riro i a ia ngā ratonga, te ahumahi, inā koa te hanga, he iti noa iho te wāhanga o te ōhanga katoa. I te taha o te akiaki a te Pirimia a Modi i te tau 2014 mō te "hanga i Īnia" kāore i tutuki ngā hua i tumanakohia, te whakawhirinaki ki ngā kawemai me te koretake o te hokohoko mō te wā roa. I tēnei wā, he koretake te hokohoko a Īnia me te 11 o ngā whenua mema 15 o te RECP, nā te ngoikore o te ahumahi hanga o Īnia, te iti me te koretake o te hanga, te teitei o ngā utu hua me te kore whakataetae o te ao.
Ko ngā hua mīhini me ngā hua hiko e 10 ōrau noa iho o ngā kaweake katoa o Īnia, ko ngā hua matua ia e toru. He maha ngā hua ahumahi, pērā i te sima me te maitai, e neke atu ana i te 20%, neke atu rānei i te 30% o te mākete o te ao. Engari e whakapono ana a Īnia he mākete ā-rohe nui tōna, ā, ka taea e āna hua te whakatutuki i te mākete ā-rohe.
Ko te ahuwhenua o Īnia e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki ngā tautoko a te kāwanatanga, he iti te taumata o te ao hou, kāore e taea te whakarite ki Ahitereiria, Aotearoa, Hapani me ērā atu. Mēnā ka whakaitihia, ka whakakorea rānei ngā tāke a te RCEP, ka pāngia ngā ahumahi ngoikore pēnei i te hanga, te ahuwhenua, me ngā hua miraka, ka kati ētahi umanga, ā, ka kore mahi ngā kaimahi.
Hei whenua kua roa nei e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga tiaki taripa me ngā tikanga tiaki kore-taripa, ko Īnia te whenua i whiwhi i ngā taripa teitei rawa atu i roto i ōna mema RCEP, ā, i mua atu kua hainatia e ia tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko kore utu me Īnia, i tono ai kia nui ake ngā whakaaetanga mai i ētahi atu whenua. Hei tauira, ko te CEPA (Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement with Japan) a Īnia, i whakaitihia ngā taripa a Īnia mō ngā hua Hapanihi ki te 7.5 ōrau, ko ngā taripa a Hapani mō ngā hua Īnia i whakaitihia ki te 3.3 ōrau.
I tēnei wā, nā te nui o ngā whenua mema, he iti iho ētahi whenua i te taumata whanaketanga ōhanga o Īnia. He uaua ake te tuku whakaaetanga nui atu ki a Īnia anake. Kua whānui haere te nama tauhokohoko a Īnia nā te mataku kei whakamahia kinotia e ngā whenua pēnei i a Haina, Hapani me Kōrea ki te Tonga, i a ia e whiriwhiri ana i ngā reiti taripa taketake, ngā ture takenga mai, te hokohoko ratonga, ngā mākete me ngā ture haumi.
I te āwangawanga mō te pānga o te whakauru atu ki te RCEP ki ngā ahumahi e pā ana, me te kore mahi a te miriona tāngata i muri mai, he mea kāore e rite ki tana moemoeā mō te whakaora anō i te ahumahi, i whiriwhiria e Īnia kia kaua e whakauru atu ki te RCEP.
2. Āwangawanga mō te RCEP e arahina ana e Haina
Kua tino āwangawanga a Īnia mō te aranga ake o Haina, ko tana kaupapa here mahi tahi ki tāwāhi kei te whakahaere tonu i a ia anō, me te whakatairanga kaha i te BIMSTEC (te whakahaere mahi tahi ōhanga me te hangarau maha-rohe o te Bay of Bengal)," te mahere hauāwhiowhio "," te Indian Ocean Regional Cooperation Alliance "," te Indian Ocean Naval Forum "me ērā atu mea.
I roto i ngā mema o te RCEP, ko Haina te ōhanga nui rawa atu, ā, ko tētahi o ngā mema tuturu e rima o te Kaunihera Haumarutanga o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao. E whakaae ana ngā pāpāho o te Hauāuru me ngā puna kōrero Inia ka riro i a Haina te mana o te RCEP, ka tukuna rānei e Haina te RCEP ki te whakawhānui ake i te awe o te rohe. I kī te Minita Take Ke o mua o Inia, a Kanwar Sibal (Kanwal Sibal), ko ngā whenua "Rautaki Indo-Pacific" i tono "ki a Haina", i te mea i whakapakari ake te RCEP i ngā hononga ōhanga ki a Haina, ā, i whakaiti i te tūranga o te Indo-Pacific Alliance.
Nā reira, kāore a Īnia e hiahia ki te whakauru atu ki tētahi RCEP e whakahaerehia ana e Haina.
3. Te whakahē a ngā ope taua o roto
Ko Īnia te ao tōrangapū o te pōtitanga me te kēmu pānga, ā, he maha ngā āhuatanga e awehia ana tana kaupapa here ki tāwāhi. I tēnei wā, ehara i te mea he nui te wehewehenga tōrangapū o Īnia, engari kāore anō hoki te ōhanga kia hanga he mākete kotahi. He rerekē tonu te reo o tōna whenua mō te whakauru atu ki te RCEP. Ko te whakahē matua e ahu mai ana i ngā umanga iti me te rahi-waenga ngoikore me ngā kaimahi pāmu, me ētahi mana tōrangapū ā-rohe. Ko te tuatahi nō raro, he iti te whiwhinga moni, kāore e taea te tu atu i te pēhanga whakataetae me te mōrearea e kawea mai ana e te RCEP, ā, ko te tuarua e whakahē ana ki te whakauru atu ki te RCEP mō ngā kaupapa tōrangapū anake.
I raro i te pēhanga nui, i meitaki te kāwanatanga o Modi ki te whakarē i te whakauru atu ki te RCEP, kia mau tonu ai tōna turanga kāwanatanga ā-rohe.
4. Te hekenga o te tipu ōhanga
I ngā tau tata nei, hei whakatairanga i te tipu ōhanga, kua whakaputa te kāwanatanga o Modi i tētahi mahere haumitanga nui, ā, kua kaha te whakapai ake i te taiao pakihi kia kukume mai ai i te haumitanga mai i tāwāhi, kia whakawhanake i te umanga hanga me te mekameka ahumahi, engari kāore i te pai te pānga. I tēnei wā, he kino te hekenga ōhanga o Īnia, he teitei te tiaki ā-rohe. I te tau 2020, kua eke te tere tipu ōhanga o Īnia ki tētahi taumata iti hou i roto i ngā tekau tau, nā te mate urutā. I te hekenga o te tipu ōhanga, ka mutu ngā whakahoutanga, ka piki ake te nama, ka piki ake te kore mahi, ā, ka raru te iwi, ka tīmata ngā rōpū whakahē me ngā kaimahi pāmu, ngā kaipakihi me ngā kaipakihi iti ake te whakataetae ki te whakaeke pinepine i te kāwanatanga o Modi. Ki te hainatia e te kāwanatanga te RCEP, ka nui ake te pēhanga whakahē.
5 Waiho he wāhi hei whai i te Rautaki Indo-Moananui-a-Kiwa
Mō te wā roa, kua whai a Īnia i tētahi kaupapa here ā-iwi whai hua. I tēnei wā, i roto i te anga o te mahi tahi ā-rohe, hei tāpiri atu ki te RCEP, kei te kaha te Hononga o Amerika me ētahi atu whenua ki te kukume i a Īnia ki te whakauru atu ki te "Rautaki Indo-Pacific", e tumanako ana hoki a Peretānia ki te haina i tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko kore utu me Īnia. E whakapono ana a Īnia kei te whai wāhi ngā rōpū katoa ki te whakawhanake i a Īnia i tēnei wā, ā, ka taea te utu.
Nā te whakanui rawa i tōna awe, te Hononga o Amerika, me te hoki whakamuri o te "rautaki Īnia-Moananui-a-Kiwa", kei te "utu nui rawa" a Īnia, kei te "tohatoha" rānei mō ngā take RCEP, ā, ka uaua ake ngā whiriwhiringa.
Me pēhea te whakaaro ki ngā whanaungatanga hokohoko a Haina-Īnia
I raro i ngā āhuatanga o ngā huringa nui o te tauira o te ao me ngā uauatanga o ngā whanaungatanga Sino-Īnia, me titiro matatau, me te marino, me te whai whakaaro nui ki te kōwhiringa a Īnia. Mō ngā rā kei te heke mai, me whai a Haina me Īnia, me ētahi atu whenua e tika ana, ki te whakakore i ngā māramatanga o tētahi ki tētahi, ki te whakakī i ngā rerekētanga, ki te whakatairanga tahi i te tukanga whakauru ōhanga ā-rohe, me te waihanga i tētahi heke mai pai ake.
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-01-2021