Kua roa tēnei rorohiko tawhito, kua roa nei e whakahawea ana ki ngā PC Labs a PCMag, he mea e kore e taea e tetahi o tā mātou tīma te mahara. Mō ōna tau 40, i horoia e mātou... kātahi ka wetekina.
Ki te hiahia koe ki te hanga kiriata mō te 40 tau o te whānautanga o te IBM PC (12 o Ākuhata, 2021), ka pōti ahau mō tētahi taitara: Ka puta te puehu. Nā te mea ko taku mahi he whakapai ake i ngā PC IBM tawhito i roto i te taiwhanga PC o PCMag, kia taea ai te whakahou ake i ngā rā nui. Āue!
Mō ngā tekau tau, e toru ngā PC IBM o ngā tau 1980, he rite tonu te mata tirotiro ki ia PC, ā, i rongoatia ki ngā whata teitei. Kua ora tonu ngā mahi toi a te whare taonga ahakoa te whakamahinga tūturu, te nekenga o ngā tari maha, me ngā tīwiri a ngā kaitātari taputapu hihiri. He roa rawa te wā e noho ana, ā, kāore tetahi o te tīma o te tau 2021 e mahara ana ki te wā whakamutunga i whakahoroa ai, i horoia ai, i miharotia ai. Inaa, kāore tetahi e tino mōhio ko tēhea tauira rātou.
He maha ngā rā i pau i ahau ki te huihui me te wetewete i te PC, engari ehara ahau i te hua o te whakatupuranga tuatahi o ngā PC. Ko taku rorohiko tuatahi, i te tau 1984 pea, he Commodore VIC-20 iti te utu. I runga i te pouaka whakaata pango-mā, i patohia e au ngā kaupapa BASIC i roto i te maheni ki roto, ā, i tiakina ki te puku rīpene rīpene taumaha. (I hae tonu ahau ki aua hoa he C64 kaha ake tā rātou me tana kōpae ngohengohe o waho.) I maumauria ahau mō te rorohiko papamahi Apple Mac LC i te tau 1991, kātahi ko te tāruarua Mac (Kei te mahara tetahi ki ngā UMAX SuperMac?), ā, kātahi ko taku tāruarua PC nama tuatahi...kāore au i titiro whakamuri.
Arā: I ngaro i ahau ngā mamae e tipu haere ana o te IBM PC i ngā tau 10 tuatahi pea. He aha e kore ai e whai i te wā i ngaro i te tau 2021?
I tangohia e au ngā PC IBM e toru o PC Labs i te wāhi rokiroki. Whai muri i te rima meneti o te rapu, te rapu me te whakaohooho i Google, i kitea e au e rua o ngā PC he IBM PC XT, te tauira tuarua o te whakatipuranga. (Ko te tohu "XT" iti kei mua he koha mate pea.) I whakahokia mai rātou ki te whata. Ka puritia e mātou ēnei hua e rua mō te huritau 40 o PC XT i te Maehe 2023. Engari ko tētahi o aua hua ko te IBM PC Model 5150 - te ingoa whānau o te PC IBM tuatahi. (Hūrae!) Engari he haurua para i roto, i waho hoki. (Hū!)
I ngā wā o mua, i tū pea tētahi whakanui whakanui a PC Labs i roto i tana tauira tawhito 5150 i te whakanuinga o te 20, 25 rānei o te IBM PC. Kua tangohia tētahi o ngā puku rango, ā, kua waiho ki tahaki, ehara pea i te mea taketake. I whakauruhia e ētahi tāngata mohio he puku HD-DVD ki te haurua o te puku 5.25-inihi te teitei-rua. (Kei te mahara koe ki te HD-DVD? Kāore pea koe e tika kia mahi i tēnei.) Ko te haurua kē he puku mārō Seagate tawhito, paru 5.25-inihi e noho ana i roto, e nekeneke noa ana.
Tangohia te taupoki, ko te roto o te 5150 he rite ki te mea i muri i te pāti whānau. Kua noho te paru parauri ki runga i ētahi taura rīpene... kei te piri tonu. I turuturu a Coca-Cola? (I runga i te tawhito, he Coke Hou pea.) Waikawa pākahiko? Ahakoa he aha, ka taea e ngā tauera waipiro te whakaoti. (Um.)
Anga korekore: te kāri atanga o te puku mārō Seagate. Ko tōna tikanga he moni korekore, he rite ki te moni korekore. Tangohia atu. Ehara hoki i te tohu pai.
Kotahi anake tā mātou IBM PC Model 5150 e whakamahia whānuitia ana, ā, he maha ngā wā e tukinotia ana. E whakaatu ana te waehere pae a te kamupene mai i Ziff-Davis (te kamupene matua o PCMag mō ngā tau maha) he taonga hangarau tēnei i mua, ko te kaha matua o ētahi mahi whakatika mō te wā roa. Kua tiakina e tētahi PCMagger matakite mai i te puranga para mō te whakamahinga ā muri ake nei.
I tirotirohia te papahoahoa, ā, i kitea tēnei kōrero i tētahi taha: "64KB-256KB CPU." I tohu tēnei ko te tauira 5150 he putanga hou. Āe, ehara tā mātou PC IBM i te PC "taketake" taketake, arā, te PC OG 1981. I hangaia i muri i ētahi tau.
Ko te whakaaro pai rawa atu: 1984. Ko te tapanga papanga i whakapirihia ki roto o te kaikorero mono e tohu ana i hangaia, i huihuia rānei te kaikorero i te marama o Hepetema 1984, i Florida pea. Kāore i te mārama ko tēhea te tapanga.
Ko te raruraru, ko te IBM PC "taketake" i puta tuatahi mai i te tau 1981 i tapaina ko te Tauira 5150, engari i muri mai ka whakahoutia te 5150. I hangaia mō te nuinga o ngā tau 1980, i whakatikatikaina, i whakapaitia, ā, i hokona ngātahi me ngā tauira o muri mai, pērā i te putanga nui e whai ake nei, ko te IBM PC XT. Ehara i te tangata taketake te morehu o tā tātou taiwhanga, engari he rite tonu tōna āhua o waho me tōna ngākau.
Kāore ā mātou papapātuhi IBM i te ringa, ā, kua ngaro ngā kōpae pīngore DOS mō ngā tau maha, nō reira he iti noa ngā mea ka taea e mātou te mahi me ngā PC. Mā te hono atu ki tētahi aroturuki (ka kōrerohia anō tēnei i muri mai) me te tīmata, ka puta he raupapa o ngā tangi pī riri. Engari i hiahia mātou ki te kiriata i te pūnaha hei tāpiri i te whakaputanga anō a PCMag i te arotake taketake o te IBM PC i te tau 1981. Ka taea e koe te tiro i roto i te hononga me te tirotiro i te maheni taketake i runga i ngā Pukapuka Google (me te kore e whakahua i tā mātou pātai o mua).
Nō reira, i roto i te tukanga whakaahua, i mahia e au te mea e mahia ana e tētahi kuri taputapu whakaute-whaiaro: te wawahi! I tū mai tā mātou kaiwhakaahua manawanui a Molly Flores (Molly Flores) ki te tango whakaahua. I whakahaerehia e mātou te tukatuka whare pikitia PCMag 2021 ki runga i ngā PC i waenganui o te tekau tau atu i 1980. He mea whakarihariha te moumou i ēnei whakaahua ātaahua katoa, nō reira haere mai ki te toro mai ki a mātou.
Anō nei, ehara ahau i te tamaiti nō te hurihanga PC taketake i waenganui o ngā tau 1980, nō reira ka paku miharo taku tātaritanga i konei, ā, ka whai i ngā maharatanga whakamiharo o te ētita matua o mua a Michael Miller i ētahi wāhi, ko tāna pūrongo tuatahi tēnei. Nō reira, tēnā koa, waiho mai ō maharatanga ki ngā kōrero i raro i te tuhinga!
Tuatahi, ko ētahi whakaahua whakamīharo o te 5150 tawhito. Nā Molly i whakapaipai ake i tōna āhua. Ka whakamahia e au he hopi ngawari me ngā tauera hei horoi i te anga, ka tāpirihia he tauera waipiro hei tango i te paru uaua, ā, ka whakamahia he hau kēne hei horoi i ngā rāpeti puehu i roto. I horoia e ia te toenga ki Photoshop.
Ko te mata tirotiro IBM 5151 tēnā kei runga i te pouaka. He CRT monochrome tino pai tēnei me te taumira taketake tino pai...80 ngā pūāhua, 25 ngā rārangi. (Kia mōhio koe he pūāhua ēnei, ehara i te pika.) Ko te Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA) a IBM, he kāri ataata o mua, tērā pea i whakakaha i te papa, ahakoa i miharo mātou i te whakatuwheratanga o te pouaka. (Ka whakamāramahia taipitopitotia i muri mai.)
...Kāore he mana whakahaere kē atu i runga i te whakaaturanga, tae atu ki te pana whakakā/whakaweto. Nā te mea ka mono tika te mata tirotiro ki te tuara o te pouaka rorohiko mā roto i ngā taura e rua...
...Kotahi mō te pūtake hiko, tētahi mō te tohu ataata. (Ka kōrerohia ēnei kāri, ngā tauranga, me ngā putanga i muri mai.) Mā te whakakaha i te rorohiko papamahi ka whakakaha anō hoki i te mata.
Nā, kei konei tā mātou anga o waho momo-5150, he ma ake i tērā o te tau 1986 pea...
Ko ngā puku tuatahi e rua he kōpae pīngore 5.25 inihi te rahi me ngā rīpene raka e hono ana ki te ka-chunk pai. Ka whakaaturia atu e mātou ēnei ā muri ake nei; ka tangohia atu. (Ina hoki, i whakahokia e au ēnei whakaahua ki tōna wāhi; kua whakakapia te kohinga tawhito o te whare taonga i ngā tekau tau ki muri.)
He arotake tēnei mō te papa o muri katoa. E toru ngā kāri kei roto i te mokamoka kāri whānui ISA, ā, kāore he taupoki o te mokamoka kāore anō kia whakamahia, he mea kua roa kē te wā.
Ka taea hoki e koe te kite i te tohu tawhito "Made in USA" i runga ake i te tohu tautuhi tauira. E hia ngā papamahi ka taea e koe te kī pēnei inaianei?
Kātahi anō ka tae mai ngā tauranga waea mārō mō ngā taputapu IBM. He mārama noa iho, kāore i te whānui te whakamahinga o te tauranga kātere, nā te mea he puku kōpae te nuinga o ngā putanga o te 5150 e hokona ana. (Mēnā ka whakahuatia te rīpene e hono ana ki te PC, ka wiri ahau: Ki te whakaaro whakamuri ki taku VIC-20, i tīmata taku mahi me ngā momo rokiroki PC tōmua, ko te nuinga i ahu mai i ngā puku rīpene pēnei i a Exabyte, Iomega, me Tandberg i ngā tau 1990. .)
Kei te taha matau o te panera te pana mana matua, e tata ana ki muri. He pāwhiri ataahua, he kiko hoki tōna. Kāore koe e kite i tētahi pana mana pēnei i runga i tō papamahi i ēnei rā, he pono tēnā. Tērā pea he papatohu whawhai.
Mō ngā tauranga e toe ana o te PC, kei ngā papa o muri o ētahi kāri whakawhānui. Ko te mea kei te taha maui te hononga RCA he kāri whakairoiro; ka honoa he mata tirotiro momo-5151 ki tētahi hononga 9-pine. Engari he aha kei te taha matau?
Kua pakeke ahau ki te maumahara ki ngā kāri SCSI me ngā tauranga whakarara, ā, he rite tonu te āhua ki te mea whakamutunga. Kotahi anake te huarahi hei kimi. (Kia kitea ai kua hē ahau, koinā te huarahi.)
Kotahi te mea me mārama: he taumaha ngā mea katoa mō te PC IBM taketake. I mua i mōhiotia te anga matua nui a IBM ko "Big Iron", engari e rite ana tēnei rorohiko papamahi ki te mana o "Little Iron" (ahakoa ae, he maitai te anga). He matotoru, he taumaha hoki.
He pono rawa te uhi. Paheke whakamua hei tango; kaua e whakatakotoria ki runga i ō waewae. I waiho e au tēnei anga tahanga kanapa...
...Haunga te rahi me te angiangi o ngā ara iahiko o te puku kōpae takirua, kāore e ahua tauhou ki ngā pūnaha papamahi o ēnei rā.
Ina hoki, mō te pūtake hiko, kua tawhito ake te tapanga i runga, engari kua mōhiotia te tahora, ā, kei reira anō hoki he hononga hiko matua me... te hononga Molex ki te papahoahoa! Kei te whakamahia tonutia ēnei i ēnei rā.
E hiahia ana ahau ki te kuhu hohonu ki roto i te papahoahoa, nō reira me neke ētahi wāhanga. Tangohia te kāri whakawhānui i te tuatahi, ka pēhi ki te papa o muri ki ngā tīwiri.
Koinei te tuatahi, ā, e honoa ana ki tētahi puku kōpae mā te taura rīpene. He kāri whakahaere puku kōpae tēnā. I taua wā, he maha ngā hononga pūnaha taketake i hiahiatia kia tāpirihia mā roto i ngā kāri whakawhānui...
Ka kitea tonu te taura rīpene o roto e hono ana; he mea hono ki ngā kōpae pīngore e rua, 5.25-inihi te rahi. E whakaatu ana ētahi atu rangahau he putanga hou tēnei kāri o te kāri kaiwhakahaere. Ko te tauranga o waho mō ngā puku pīngore o waho; ehara i te SCSI, ehara hoki i te tauranga whakarara.
He rite te roa o tēnei kāri whakairoiro nui ki ngā kāri whakairoiro papai o ēnei rā, ā, neke atu i te haurua o ēnei he papa tamahine kua whakapirihia. He mea ngaro te pūtake o tēnei kāri, ā, me rapu mahi kāinga. Ehara tēnei i te kāri MDA taketake a IBM. I te tīmatanga i whakaaro ahau he whakahoutanga muri-hoko pea. Heoi, he raruraru tēnei nā IBM. Ko te IBM Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA), te papa tamahine, he toronga o te mahara whakairoiro, ā, kua tāutahia kanohi ki te kanohi ki te kāri. (He paerewa mahara whakairoiro 64K te kāri.) Ko te mua o VGA, ka taea te whakamahi mō te putanga tae tae atu ki te 640 x 350. He papai!
E ai ki ngā paerewa o ēnei rā, he tino rerekē tēnei kāri. He paparanga kirihou angiangi mārama kei muri o te kāri tamahine hei ārai i te matotoru tāpiri kei pā ki te kāri ISA e tata ana, ā, tera pea ka puta he ara iahiko poto. Ko te poraka whero ("Grayhill") kei te kokonga matau o runga he huinga pana DIP hei whirihora i te mahi a te kāri kia rite ki te aroturuki e whakamahia ana e koe. (Ka kite tātou i ētahi atu o ēnei mea i muri mai.)
He nui ngā maramara me ngā hononga honohono. Ki taku mōhio, koinei tētahi o ngā kāri whakawhānui mahara ISA "onboard" a Intel. Koinei te huarahi e whakawhānui ai koe i te mahara pūnaha matua, i mua noa atu i te putanga mai o ngā DIMM paerewa PC me ngā SO-DIMM ki te titiro a te tangata.
He poari ao whānui tēnei. Ki te tirohia pai, he maha ngā maramara (te mate urutā o te wae mahara NEC) e hangaia ana i Hapani, engari ko ētahi atu e hangaia ana i Mareia, i Mehiko, i El Salvador. Ko ētahi atu kāore i te mārama te tūnga tangata whenua, tera pea e hangaia ana i te Hononga o Amerika. Ehara i te mea he kāri ISA engari he huihuinga o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua.
Nō reira, ka hoki tātou ki te papahoahoa. Engari hei tango i te papa hiko, me tango e koe tētahi o ngā puku rango, e ārai ana i te urunga atu ki tētahi o ngā tīwiri e mau ana ki te anga. Nō reira, tangohia te taura rīpene ka momotu i te hononga hiko o te puku maui rawa...
Kātahi ka tangohia te tīwiri, wetekina ngā tīwiri e rua, ā, ka puta te puku i te pouaka, pērā i tētahi atu taputapu 5.25-inihi o mua...
Koinei te hononga Molex e mōhiotia ana e whakakaha ana i te puku; kei te whakamahia tonutia ētahi taputapu tāpiri i roto i ngā rorohiko whaiaro i ēnei rā...
Nā, kua kitea te tīwiri kī i runga i te papahoahoa! He ngāwari te tango i ngā tīwiri torutoru i ngā kokonga (ngā pane noa hei utu mō ngā pane Philips, he mea miharo tēnei). Engari kei te pupurihia hoki te papahoahoa e ētahi pou hononga kirihou kino, e puta ana i roto i ngā kōhao o te papahoahoa. Me pēhi mārire koe ki ō maihao, ki ō pliers rānei, kātahi ka tukuna mā roto i ngā kōhao whakapiri o te papa hiko. Ko te raruraru ka wetekina e koe ētahi, kātahi ka puta anō ina mahi koe i te toenga. E ono, e whitu rānei ō ringaringa hei pēhi i a rātou i te wā kotahi!
Heoi, i tukuna katoatia e te tūroro i roto i te 10 meneti pea, ā, ka paheke te papahoahoa mai i te taha o te pouaka...
He tirohanga whakamiharo! Kāore i te tauhou. Ahakoa he rerekētanga mārama, ehara tēnei i te miriona maero te tawhiti atu i ngā papahoahoa hou. I tētahi taha, koinei te panera tauranga I/O katoa...
Ināianei, kāore i ēnei papahoahoa rorohiko o mua te BIOS e mōhiotia ana e tātou. I whirihorahia e koe ō taputapu ki ngā pana DIP, ā, i whakamahia e koe me te pukapuka ā-ringa (tērā pea ka waea atu ētahi ki te tautoko hangarau, ki tō hoa geek rānei)...
I mahara ahau ki tēnei mai i ētahi tārua PC o muri mai i a au. (Kei te mahara tonu ahau i kino ahau ki a rātou.) E rua ngā puranga o ēnei tangata kino kikorangi mārama kei runga i te papa 5150.
Kei runga hoki: he nui ake te mahara. Kua honoa kētia ki konei. Kua neke atu tātou i te wā DIMM e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Kāore anō kia eke te kiato o te mahara ki te taumata e hiahiatia ana hei whiwhi mahara nui i runga i tētahi rākau mahara o tēnei rahi...kāore rawa i tata.
Koinei te hononga hiko matua o te papahoahoa. I mua i te hutia o te papahoahoa, i momotuhia e au te taura matua o te pūtake hiko. He mea tauhou tēnei ki te hononga ATX 20+4 pine paerewa e mōhiotia ana e tātou i ēnei rā, engari he tūpuna mārama.
Ki te whakaritea ki tētahi papahoahoa hou, kotahi te mea e ngaro ana ko: Kei hea te PTM, te putanga PTM, me te totohu wera? Āe, me tirotirohia tēnei, engari i kitea e mātou te maramara...
Wā tuku: Hakihea-10-2021