Ngokwezidingo zoMthethosivivinywa omusha we-European Commodity Safety Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, kusukela ngomhlaka-16 Julayi 2021), iningi le-CE lise-EU (ngaphandle kwe-US) kusukela ngo-2021 (isikhathi sendawo). Ukucela izimpahla ezinelogo ye-CE ukuthi zibhalwe ngolwazi lokuxhumana "Odai", ngemuva kukaJulayi 16, umkhiqizo unelogo ye-CE, kodwa awukwazi ukunikeza "Odai", kuzokwahlulelwa njengokuziphatha okungekho emthethweni. Ukuqaliswa kwemithetho nemigomo emisha kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu emabhizinisini okuthumela ngaphandle kwe-e-commerce aphesheya. Lesi sihloko sichaza okuqukethwe okufanele kwemithetho nemigomo emisha ukuze kunikezwe izinkomba zamabhizinisi okuthumela ngaphandle. Ibhulokhi yesiphelo semikhumbi，Isixhumi se-SCSI futhi izintambo ze-jumper kufanele kuqashelwe.
Uyini "umqhubi wezomnotho"?
A: isebhizinisini eliwela imingcele, nabakhiqizi nabathengisi eShayina, kuyilapho abathengi bese-European Union. Abalawuli bemakethe be-EU abahlola ukuphepha komkhiqizo base-EU njengabathengi. Ngezizathu ezingokoqobo, bangasebenzisa amandla kuphela phezu kwamabhizinisi e-EU. Uma ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kusuka eShayina kuya e-EU kuhamba kabi, abakwazi ukuxhumana nabakhiqizi baseShayina. Ngakho-ke, umthetho omusha wokulawula imakethe ye-EU EU2019/1020 udinga ukuthi kusukela mhla ziyi-16 kuNtulikazi 2021, uma imikhiqizo ifuna ukuthengiswa emakethe ye-EU, amabhizinisi angaphandle kwe-EU kumele abe nommeleli e-EU, umqhubi wezomnotho, ezindabeni ezifanele zokulawula imakethe.
Ingabe osomabhizinisi bezomnotho kumele babe khona ngempela e-European Union?
Impendulo: yebo. Ngokuphathelene nezimpahla zabathengi, imithetho yamanje ye-EU ichaza cishe abaqhubi bezomnotho be-EU njengezinhlangano zezentengiselwano njengabakhiqizi, abangenisi noma abasabalalisi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abekho abaqhubi bezomnotho ngaphakathi kwe-EU abanesibopho ngokomthetho kubathengi be-EU, uma umkhiqizo uthengiswa ngqo kusuka emabhizinisini aseShayina kuya kubathengi be-EU.
Imithetho emisha izoshintsha isimo esikhona, futhi kusukela mhla ziyi-16 kuNtulikazi 2021, kumele kube nomqhubi wezomnotho okhona ngempela kwi-European Union. Umqhubi wezomnotho kumele abe namahhovisi ngaphakathi kobulungu be-EU, akumele abe yisakhamuzi esivamile, futhi umqhubi wezomnotho kumele abe ngumuntu osemthethweni, okungukuthi ibhizinisi. Imithethonqubo ye-EU ihlu lwezigaba zomkhiqizo ezingeziwe ezidinga abaqhubi bezomnotho, futhi ngamafuphi, lezi zidingo zizosebenza ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo eminingi evamile.
Ubani ngempela ongathatha indima yokuba ngumqhubi wezomnotho e-European Union kubathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina?
A: Abaqhubi bezomnotho be-EU bangaba ngabangenisi bendabuko bokuthengisa imikhiqizo kubathengi be-EU abangangenisa izimpahla ezivela eShayina noma kwamanye amazwe. Abaqhubi bezomnotho be-EU bangaba futhi yizindawo zokugcina impahla zakwamanye amazwe, lapho amakhasimende e-EU ethenga khona imikhiqizo kumawebhusayithi futhi abathengisi bathumela imikhiqizo kubathengi be-EU, hhayi ngabangenisi bendabuko. Abakhiqizi baseShayina bangaphathisa "abameleli abagunyaziwe" abase-EU ukuthi basebenzele bona.
Iyini indawo yokugcina impahla kwamanye amazwe?
A: Yi-ejensi yezentengiselwano enesibopho sokugcina, ukupakisha, ukugcwalisa nokusabalalisa imikhiqizo yabakhiqizi noma abahwebi. Indlu yokugcina impahla yangaphandle ayinayo imikhiqizo, ihlukile kumthengisi wemikhiqizo yayo.
Uma kungekho izindawo zokugcina impahla zakwamanye amazwe, lapho abathengi be-EU be-oda imikhiqizo kubakhiqizi baseShayina, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthutha kubadayisi uma imikhiqizo yabo ikude neShayina njalo.
Uma kwenzeka ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle, iningi lamakamelo okuhweba athutha imikhiqizo eminingi aye endaweni yokugcina impahla yaphesheya kwezilwandle ye-EU. Lapho abathengi bethenga imikhiqizo, ukulethwa kwemikhiqizo efanele kungathunyelwa kusuka ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle ze-EU futhi kulethwe kubathengi ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi izimakethe eziningi eziku-inthanethi zamukela le ndlela yokusabalalisa.
Yiziphi izidingo zommeleli ogunyaziwe?
Imithethonqubo ye-EU ka-A: ibeka izidingo eziqinile kubameleli abagunyaziwe futhi ibeka nezibopho eziningi kubo. Okokuqala, umenzi kumele agunyaze ummeleli wakhe ngemvume ebhaliwe esayinwe yizinhlangothi zombili, futhi uma iziphathimandla ze-EU zixhumana nommeleli ogunyaziwe, kumele zivumele umuntu ogunyaziwe ukuthi akhulume egameni lomenzi. Umenzi kuphela ongakhipha imvume enjalo kummeleli ogunyaziwe ngaphandle komthengisi. Umthethonqubo we-EU uphinde udinge ukuthi amazwe angamalungu e-EU athuthukise imithethonqubo yezijeziso ngokungalandeli izibopho zawo zomthetho ezifanele, ngakho-ke uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, abameleli abagunyaziwe kudingeka bathwale yonke imiphumela esemthethweni.
Kungani i-EU ikhathazekile kangaka ngezimfuneko zokuba nomqhubi wezomnotho omele abakhiqizi?
Isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu se-A: ukuthi lo opharetha wezomnotho uyinhlangano engabanjwa isibopho ngokomthetho nangokwezomnotho yiziphathimandla ze-EU. Kumelwe abe khona mathupha, futhi angaba ngowokuqala ukuthintwa. Uma umkhiqizo ubhekwa njengongaphephile noma uhambisana ngokugcwele nezidingo zezindinganiso zomthetho, kumele athwale imiphumela yazo zonke izilima kanye nomonakalo.
Yiziphi izibopho ezibekwa yimithetho ye-EU kubasebenzi bezomnotho abamele abakhiqizi?
A: Imithethonqubo ye-EU ichaza ngokucacile imisebenzi emine yabaqhubi bezomnotho. Okokuqala, umqhubi wezomnotho kumele aqinisekise ukuthi isitatimende sokuthobela imithetho kanye nemibhalo yobuchwepheshe sekubhaliwe, nokuthi kumele sigcinwe okungenani iminyaka eyi-10. Okwesibili, phakathi nalesi sikhathi seminyaka eyi-10, uma abalawuli bemakethe be-EU becela lokho, abaqhubi bezomnotho kumele banikeze lolu lwazi ezikhungweni ezifanele zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10. Okwesithathu, uma umqhubi wezomnotho eqiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizo awuphephile, kumele axhumane nabalawuli bemakethe ngenkuthalo. Okwesine, abaqhubi bezomnotho kumele babambisane nabalawuli bemakethe noma bathathe izinyathelo zabo zokususa imikhiqizo engaphephile noma ukunciphisa ingozi ebangelwa imikhiqizo engaphephile emakethe.
Kuthiwani uma kungekho opharetha wezomnotho e-EU futhi ngisazama ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yami e-EU?
Ku-A:, lokhu akuhambisani nezidingo zomthetho ezintsha. Akukho emthethweni ukuthengisa imikhiqizo ngqo kubathengi ngabanye e-EU ngaphandle kokuba egameni lomqhubi wakho wezomnotho.
Inhloso yokusungula abaqhubi bezomnotho?
A: abaqhubi bezomnotho bagcwalisa izikhala zokuhweba kwamanye amazwe futhi bakha indawo yokudlala efanele kuwo wonke amabhizinisi afuna ukwenza ibhizinisi nabathengi be-EU, noma ngabe umkhiqizo uvelaphi.
I-Customs ikhumbuza amabhizinisi afanele
I-EU ikhiphe iziqondiso zobuchwepheshe ezingu-25 (ngasinye sesigaba somkhiqizo othize) ezibopha yonke imikhiqizo ye-EU ngelogo ye-CE ngaphandle kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha, iziqhumane zomphakathi kanye namadivayisi athile okuphakamisa kanye nezintambo. Njengezinto zokudlala, izinto zikagesi, imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu, imishini, izimpahla zokwakha, imishini yegesi, izikebhe zokuzijabulisa nezangasese, imikhumbi yokucindezela, kanye nemishini yokulinganisa. Amabhizinisi afanele kufanele anake ngokushesha ububanzi bomkhiqizo futhi ahlole ububanzi bomkhiqizo obufanele be-CE ku:
https://ec.europa.eu/growth/single-market/ce-marking/manufacturers_en.
Imikhiqizo eminingi enophawu lwe-CE kusukela ngomhlaka-16 Julayi 2021 ingase iboshwe noma ibuyiselwe yi-custom; izimpahla esezivele zingeniswe ku-EU zizoboshwa futhi zibhujiswe ngenxa yokungabi nolwazi oluyinhloko lwe-EU; izimpahla esezivele zisemakethe zisengozini yokukhonondwa ngazo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-15-2021