Ngokweemfuno zoMthetho omtsha woKhuseleko lweeMpahla zaseYurophu (i-EU) ka-2019/1020, ukususela nge-16 kaJulayi 2021), uninzi lwe-CE lukwi-EU (ngaphandle kwe-US) ukusukela ngo-2021 (ixesha lendawo). Ukucela iimpahla ezinelogo ye-CE ukuba zibhalwe ngolu hlobo "Odai", emva kwe-16 kaJulayi, imveliso inophawu lwe-CE, kodwa ayinakubonelela ngo "Odai", kuya kugwetywa njengokuziphatha okungekho mthethweni. Ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho nemigaqo emitsha kuya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kumashishini okuthumela ngaphandle e-commerce aphesheya. Eli nqaku litolika umxholo ofanelekileyo wemithetho nemigaqo emitsha ukuze kubonelelwe ngamashishini okuthumela ngaphandle. Ibhloko yesiphelo solwandle，Isixhumi se-SCSI kwaye iingcingo zejumper kufuneka kuqatshelwe.
Yintoni "umqhubi wezoqoqosho"?
A: ikwirhwebo oluwela imida, kunye nabavelisi kunye nabathengisi eTshayina, ngelixa abathengi bekwiManyano yaseYurophu. Abalawuli bemarike ye-EU abahlola ukhuseleko lwemveliso bakwi-EU njengabathengi. Ngezizathu ezibonakalayo, banokusebenzisa amandla kuphela kumashishini e-EU. Ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kwi-EU kuhamba gwenxa, abanakukwazi ukunxibelelana nabavelisi baseTshayina. Ke ngoko, ummiselo omtsha wolawulo lwemarike ye-EU EU2019/1020 ufuna ukuba ukususela nge-16 kaJulayi 2021, ukuba iimveliso zifuna ukuthengiswa kwimarike ye-EU, amashishini angaphandle kwe-EU kufuneka abe nommeli kwi-EU, umqhubi wezoqoqosho, kwimiba efanelekileyo yolawulo lwemarike.
Ngaba kufuneka kubekho abaqhubi bezoqoqosho kwiManyano yaseYurophu?
Impendulo: ngu-ewe. Ngokuphathelele iimpahla zabathengi, imithetho yangoku ye-EU ichaza phantse abaqhubi bezoqoqosho be-EU njengemibutho yorhwebo efana nabavelisi, abangenisi okanye abasasazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho baqhubi bezoqoqosho ngaphakathi kwe-EU abanoxanduva ngokusemthethweni kubathengi be-EU, ukuba imveliso ithengiswa ngqo ngamashishini aseTshayina kubathengi be-EU.
Imithetho emitsha iza kutshintsha imeko ekhoyo, kwaye ukususela nge-16 kaJulayi 2021, kufuneka kubekho umqhubi wezoqoqosho okhoyo kwiManyano yaseYurophu. Umqhubi wezoqoqosho kufuneka abe neeofisi ngaphakathi kobulungu be-EU, akufuneki abe ngummi oqhelekileyo, kwaye umqhubi wezoqoqosho kufuneka abe ngumntu osemthethweni, oko kukuthi ishishini. Uluhlu lwemithetho ye-EU kwiindidi zemveliso ezidityanisiweyo ezifuna abaqhubi bezoqoqosho, kwaye ngamafutshane, ezi mfuno ziya kusebenza ekuthengisweni kweemveliso ezininzi eziqhelekileyo.
Ngubani onokuthatha indima yokuba ngumqhubi wezoqoqosho kwiManyano yaseYurophu kubathumeli bangaphandle baseTshayina?
A: Abaqhubi bezoqoqosho be-EU banokuba ngabathumeli bemveli abathengisa iimveliso kubathengi be-EU abanokungenisa iimpahla ezivela eTshayina okanye kwamanye amazwe. Abaqhubi bezoqoqosho be-EU banokuba ziindawo zokugcina iimpahla zaphesheya, apho abathengi be-EU bathenga iimveliso kwiwebhusayithi kwaye abathengisi bathumela iimveliso kubathengi be-EU, kungekhona ngabathumeli bemveli. Abavelisi baseTshayina banokuthemba "abameli abagunyazisiweyo" abakwi-EU ukuba basebenze egameni labo.
Yintoni indawo yokugcina impahla phesheya kolwandle?
A: Yiarhente yorhwebo enoxanduva lokugcina, ukupakisha, ukuzalisa kunye nokusasaza iimveliso zabavelisi okanye abarhwebi. Indawo yokugcina impahla yangaphandle ngokwayo ayinazo iimveliso, yahlukile kumthengisi weemveliso zayo.
Xa kungekho ziindawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya, xa abathengi be-EU beodola iimveliso kubavelisi baseTshayina, kuthatha ixesha elide kubathengisi ukuba iimveliso zabo zivela kude neTshayina ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kwimeko yeendawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya, uninzi lweendawo zorhwebo zithutha iimveliso ezininzi ziye kwindawo yokugcina impahla yaphesheya kwe-EU. Xa abathengi bethenga iimveliso, ukuhanjiswa kweemveliso ezifanelekileyo kunokuthunyelwa ukusuka kwiindawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya kwe-EU kwaye kuhanjiswe kubathengi ngexesha elifutshane, kwaye uninzi lweemarike ezikwi-intanethi ziyamkela le ndlela yokusasaza.
Zithini iimfuno zommeli ogunyazisiweyo?
Imigaqo ye-EU ye-A: ibeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kubameli abagunyazisiweyo kwaye ikwabeka nezibophelelo ezininzi kubo. Okokuqala, umenzi kufuneka agunyazise ummeli wakhe ngemvume ebhaliweyo esayinwe ngamaqela omabini, kwaye ukuba amagunya e-EU aqhagamshelana nommeli ogunyazisiweyo, kufuneka avumele umntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba athethe egameni lomenzi. Ngumenzi kuphela onokukhupha loo mvume kummeli ogunyazisiweyo ngaphandle komthengisi. Umgaqo we-EU ukwafuna ukuba amazwe angamalungu e-EU aphuhlise imithetho yesohlwayo ngokungathobeli izibophelelo zawo zomthetho ezifanelekileyo, ngoko ke xa kukho into engalunganga, abameli abagunyazisiweyo kufuneka bathwale zonke iziphumo zomthetho.
Kutheni i-EU inenkxalabo engaka malunga neemfuno zokuba nomqhubi wezoqoqosho omele abavelisi?
Eyona sizathu sibalulekileyo se-A: kukuba lo mqhubi wezoqoqosho liqumrhu elinokuthi lithwaliswe uxanduva ngokusemthethweni nangokwezoqoqosho ngabasemagunyeni be-EU. Kufuneka abekho ngokwakhe, kwaye abe ngowokuqala ukuqhagamshelwa. Ukuba imveliso ithathwa njengengakhuselekanga okanye ihambelana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zemigangatho esemthethweni, kufuneka athwale imiphumo yazo zonke iingozi kunye nomonakalo.
Zeziphi izibophelelo ezibekwa yimithetho ye-EU kubaqhubi bezoqoqosho abamele abavelisi?
A: Imithetho ye-EU ichaza ngokucacileyo imisebenzi emine yabaqhubi bezoqoqosho. Okokuqala, umqhubi wezoqoqosho kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ingxelo yokuthobela imithetho kunye namaxwebhu obuchwephesha sele ebhaliwe, kwaye kufuneka igcinwe ubuncinane iminyaka eli-10. Okwesibini, ngeli xesha leminyaka eli-10, ukuba abalawuli beemarike be-EU bayayicela loo nto, abaqhubi bezoqoqosho kufuneka banike olu lwazi kwiiarhente ezifanelekileyo zingadlulanga iintsuku ezili-10. Okwesithathu, ukuba umqhubi wezoqoqosho uqinisekile ukuba imveliso ayikhuselekanga, kufuneka aqhagamshelane ngokukhutheleyo nabalawuli beemarike. Okwesine, abaqhubi bezoqoqosho kufuneka basebenzisane nabalawuli beemarike okanye bathathe amanyathelo abo okususa iimveliso ezingakhuselekanga okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko obangelwa ziimveliso ezingakhuselekanga kwimarike.
Kuthekani ukuba akukho mqhubi wezoqoqosho kwi-EU kwaye ndisazama ukuthengisa iimveliso zam kwi-EU?
Kwi-A:, oku akuhambelani neemfuno zomthetho ezintsha. Akukho mthethweni ukuthengisa iimveliso ngqo kubathengi ngabanye kwi-EU ngaphandle kokuba egameni lomqhubi wakho wezoqoqosho.
Injongo yokuseka abaqhubi bezoqoqosho?
A: abaqhubi bezoqoqosho bavala izithuba kurhwebo oluwela imida kwaye badala indawo yokudlala efanelekileyo kuwo onke amashishini afuna ukwenza ushishino nabathengi be-EU, naphi na apho imveliso ivela khona.
I-Customs ikhumbuza amashishini afanelekileyo
I-EU ikhuphe imiyalelo yobugcisa engama-25 (nganye ibhekiselele kudidi oluthile lwemveliso) ebopha zonke iimveliso ze-EU ngelogo ye-CE ngaphandle kwezixhobo zonyango, iziqhushumbisi zoluntu kunye nezixhobo ezithile zokuphakamisa kunye nezerophu. Ezifana namathoyizi, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, izixhobo zokuzikhusela, oomatshini, iimpahla zokwakha, izixhobo zegesi, iinqanawa zokuzonwabisa nezabucala, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa. Amashishini afanelekileyo kufuneka anike ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza kububanzi bemveliso kwaye ajonge ububanzi bemveliso yophawu lwe-CE olufanelekileyo ku:
https://ec.europa.eu/growth/single-market/ce-marking/manufacturers_en.
Uninzi lweemveliso ezinophawu lwe-CE ukususela nge-16 kaJulayi 2021 zinokubanjwa okanye zibuyiselwe zizikhululo; iimpahla esele zingeniswe kwizikhululo ze-EU ziya kugcinwa zitshatyalaliswe ngenxa yokungabikho kolwazi oluvela kwintloko ye-EU; iimpahla esele zikwimarike zisengozini yokukhalazelwa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-15-2021