I muri i te neke atu i te iwa marama o ngā kēmu uaua, i te 24 o Hakihea, te wā ā-rohe, i tae mana a Peretānia me te Kotahitanga o Ūropi ki tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko Brexit. E whakaatu ana te whakaaetanga 1246-whārangi i te kaha o te nekehanga, engari he pai ake i tētahi "Brexit uaua" kāore i whakaaetia.Poraka Whakamutunga Kakariki, Ngā Hononga PCB me Ngā Whakaata Āmipere Me aro nui ki te mara.
I kī te Pirimia o Peretānia, a Johnson, ka pōtitia te Paremata o Peretānia mō te tauira whakaaetanga tauhokohoko me te Kotahitanga o Ūropi i te 30 o Tīhema.
I mutu te whakaaetanga hokohoko
I te 26 o Hakihea, i tukuna e te UK tētahi tuhinga 1246-whārangi o te whakaaetanga hokohoko Brexit me te EU, kei roto i tēnei tuhinga, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā tuhinga hokohoko, ngā whakaaetanga mō te pūngao karihi, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero muna, te pūngao karihi ā-iwi, me tētahi raupapa o ngā tauākī tahi.
Ko te tauira o te Whakaaetanga Tauhokohoko me te Mahi Tahi a te EU-UK (Draft EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement), ko te tikanga o te tuhinga, i muri i te wehenga atu o Peretānia i te mākete kotahi o te EU, kāore he raruraru i waenganui i ngā taha e rua, kāore hoki he raruraru tāke, he raruraru tukunga rānei. I kī te Komihana Pākehā, ko te whakaaetanga hokohoko i waenganui i te EU me te UK ka kore he tāke, ka kore he tukunga rānei.
Kei roto i te tuhinga he maha ngā tāpiritanga taipitopito, tae atu ki ngā whakaritenga mō te takenga mai, te ika, te hokohoko waina, ngā rongoā, ngā matū me te mahi tahi me ngā raraunga haumaru.
Kua hainatia e Peretānia tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko kore utu
Ina he mema a Peretānia nō te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, ka whai wāhi aunoa ia ki ngā whakaaetanga hokohoko e 40 me te neke atu i te 70 whenua, rohe rānei. Whai muri i te Brexit, ka taea e Peretānia te whiriwhiri i te haere tonu o ēnei whakaaetanga. Kāore e pāngia a Peretānia e tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko a te EU i muri i te 31 o Tīhema, ā, ka hokohoko a Peretānia i runga anō i ngā ture a te WTO mēnā kāore e tutuki he whakaaetanga takirua ki ēnei whenua, rohe rānei.
E ai ki te paetukutuku a te kāwanatanga o Peretānia, e 29 ngā whakaaetanga e kapi ana i te 58 whenua, rohe rānei, kua whakahoutia, ā, ka whai mana i te 1 o Hānuere, i te haurua tuatahi rānei o te tau 2021. E 10 atu ngā whenua, rohe rānei kei te whiriwhiria, engari ko te nuinga o ngā mea nui kua oti.
I Āhia, i te 23 o Oketopa, i hainatia mana e Peretānia me Hapani tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko kore utu ā-rua, Koinei te whakaaetanga hokohoko nui tuatahi i hainatia e Peretānia i muri i te Brexit. E mea ana a Peretānia, Mā te whakaaetanga ka whakakorea te 99% o āna kaweake ki Hapani, ka piki ake te hokohoko roa a Peretānia me Hapani mā te 15.2 piriona pauna ($19.9 piriona). Mā te whakaaetanga anō hoki ka taea e Peretānia te whakakore haere i ngā taripa motuka a Hapani, ka kore ngā taripa motuka a Hapani i te tau 2026. He rite tonu tēnei whakaritenga ki te whakaaetanga i roto i te Whakaaetanga Tauhokohoko a Hapani-EU. E tumanako ana a Peretānia ki te tono mana mō te mema ki te CPTPP 11-mema, i te tīmatanga o te tau 2021 ka mihi a Hapani, ā, ka whakarato i te tautoko e tika ana ki te UK.
10 Hakihea, He whakaaetanga hokohoko kore utu i waenganui i a Peretānia me Hingaiapore, ā, kua whakaaetia kia whakarewahia i te tau e tū mai nei ngā whiriwhiringa "Whakaaetanga Ōhanga Mamati o te UK-Hingaiapore". I raro i te whakaaetanga, ka whiwhi ngā Kamupene i Hingaiapore me te UK i te manaakitanga rite tonu ki te Whakaaetanga Hokohoko Koreutu a te EU-Hingaiapore (EUSFTA). Kei roto i tēnei ko te urunga kore-taake ki te hokohoko taonga, te urunga māmā ake ki ā rātou ratonga me te mākete hoko a te kāwanatanga, me te whakaiti i ngā arai kore-taake i roto i ngā hikohiko, ngā wāhanga motuka me ngā wāhanga e pā ana, ngā hua rongoā me ngā taputapu hauora me te pūngao whakahou. Whai muri i te whai mana o te FTA a te UK-Hingaiapore, ka tukuna e Peretānia te 84% o ngā kawemai a Hingaiapore, Ko te toenga 16 ōrau e tika ana kia whakakorehia i te 21 o Noema 2024. Ka mau tonu a Hingaiapore i ngā hua o Peretānia e kaweake ana ki Hingaiapore me te kore-taake.
11 Hakihea, He whakaaetanga hokohoko kore utu i waenganui i a Peretānia me Whitināmu, E ai ki te whakaaetanga a te tokorua, Mō ngā tau e whitu e whai ake nei (2027), ka whakaitihia mārire e ngā whenua e rua te utu kawemai o te 99% o ngā taonga. Ina whakatinanahia katoatia te whakaaetanga, ka whiwhi a Whitināmu i te £114 miriona ($151 miriona) i roto i te whakahekenga utu kaweake. Ka penapena a Peretānia i te 36 miriona pauna i runga i ana kaweake.
Ko te FTA hou a Peretānia kei waenganui i a Kanata. I te 22 o Hakihea, i te wā o te rohe, i panuitia e te Pirimia Tuarua o Kanata, a Freeland, kua hainatia e Kanata me te United Kingdom tētahi whakaaetanga rangitahi hei karo i te "hard Brexit" a Peretānia i puta mai i ngā take taripa. Ko te tikanga o te whakaaetanga he whai i ngā ihirangi o te whakaaetanga hokohoko a Kanata me te Kotahitanga o Europi, e whai mana ana i te 1 o Hānuere, 2021. Kia whiriwhiria e ngā whenua e rua tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko hou, ka whakakorea te whakaaetanga rangitahi.
Whakatūpato Hokohoko o te Tau Hou
I te hauwhā tuarua, i riro a Haina hei puna kawemai nui rawa atu a te UK mō te wā tuatahi, e ai ki ngā raraunga i tukuna i runga i te paetukutuku mana o te Tari Tatauranga ā-Motu (ONS) i tēnei rā. Mō te wā tuatahi i te hauwhā tuarua, he nui ake ngā taonga i kawemaihia e te UK mai i Haina i ngā whenua hokohoko katoa, e ai ki te ONS. I te hauwhā tuarua, i piki ake te wāhanga kawemai a te UK mai i Haina mai i te 8.6 ōrau i te hauwhā tuatahi ki te 13.4 ōrau i te hauwhā tuarua, me ngā kawemai i eke ki te 11 piriona pauna, kotahi i roto i ia whitu kawemai a Peretānia i ahu mai i Haina.
I te haurua tuatahi o tēnei tau, neke atu i te hauwhā o ngā taputapu hiko me ngā mīhini o Peretānia i kawemai mai i Haina. I te UK, ko te ōwehenga o ngā hua hiko, ngā taputapu oro me ngā taputapu tari he nui ake i te 30 ōrau. He rite tonu te ia ki ngā raraunga o mua. E whakaatu ana ngā tatauranga hītori o te ONS i te tau 2019, ko ngā taputapu hiko, ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā taputapu mīhini tari, ngā kākahu, ngā taonga me ērā atu mea ko ngā kāwai hua matua i kawemai mai i Haina e te United Kingdom.
E ai ki te kōrero i runga ake nei, ko ngā whenua, ko ngā rohe rānei kāore he whakaaetanga takirua ki te UK ka hokohoko i raro i ngā ture a te WTO i muri i te 1 o Hānuere o te tau e tū mai nei.
Ko te whakamātautau tuatahi mō ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana i ahu mai i te tiwhikete.
Ka whakamahia mana e Peretānia te tohu tiwhikete British Conformity Assessment (UKCA) mai i te 1 o Hānuere 2021. Ko te tohu UKCA he tohu hua hou o te UK ka whakamahia mō ngā hua e hokona ana i te mākete o te UK (Ingarangi, Wales me Scotland), e kapi ana i te nuinga o ngā taonga i hiahiatia he tohu CE i mua. Kāore te tohu UKCA e pā ki ngā taonga e hokona ana i te mākete o Te Tai Tokerau o Airana.
Ko te whakatinanatanga o te tohu o te UKCA o Peretānia, me te hiahia taketake mō te tiwhikete CE o ngā hua e kaweake ana ki te Kotahitanga o Ūropi me te United Kingdom, me whai tiwhikete CE me te UKCA, ka pā nui pea ki te utu o ngā hua hinonga.
Hei tāpiritanga, me mōhio anō hoki, i raro i te pūnaha tikanga tuku iho taketake o te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, kāore e hiahiatia he tukanga whakawātea tikanga tuku iho me te tāke anō mō ngā taonga e tomo mai ana, e puta atu ana hoki i te Kotahitanga o Ūropi. Whai muri i te Brexit, ka noho motuhake a Peretānia me te Kotahitanga o Ūropi hei pūnaha whakahaere tikanga tuku iho, ā, ka nui ake te uaua o te whakawātea tikanga tuku iho o ngā taonga mā ngā taha e rua i tērā o mua.
Kua tukuna e te kamupene kaipuke ONE he pānui mō ngā tuhinga whakapuakitanga haumarutanga e pā ana ki te Brexit: me tuku ngā kawemai me ngā kaweake katoa ki te United Kingdom, me te whakawhiti mā te United Kingdom, me te ENS. Me tuku ngā taonga kei runga i te UK, me te ENS 48 hāora i mua i te kaipuke. Hei tāpiri, kua whakatūria e te Tari Tāke o te UK he tūāpapa haumaru me te haumarutanga (S&S) hei whiwhi mōhiohio ENS. Mai i te 1 o Hānuere, 2021, ka tono tonu te Tari Tāke o Peretānia i tētahi tauākī ENS mō ngā taonga katoa mai i waho o te Kotahitanga o Ūropi mō te tango me te whakawhiti i ngā tauranga o Peretānia. Mai i te 1 o Hūrae, 2021, me whakamana ngā taonga mai i roto i te EU ki te United Kingdom (haunga a Airana ki te Raki) i te tauākī ENS.
Kia aro nui hoki ki te hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe, i ngā whenua Pākehā kei reira ngā mahi ōhanga, inā koa ngā umanga pakihi kawemai me te kaweake, me whai nama rēhita EORI (nama rēhitatanga me te tautuhi kaiwhakahaere ōhanga - Rehitatanga me te tautuhi Kaiwhakahaere Ōhanga). Kia puta mana te UK i waho o Ūropi, ka pau te nama EORI i te tīmatanga o te UK GB i roto i te EU. Ki te hiahia koe ki te noho ki te mākete UK EU, me whai nama EORI me te nama EORI o te EU, arā, e rua ngā nama EORI katoa.
I panuitia e te Tari Tāke o Peretānia ka tīmata te whakahoutanga taake o ngā taonga kawemai o Peretānia i te 1 o Hānuere, 2021. Ko ngā whakaritenga motuhake ko:
Me utu te GST mō ngā kawemai katoa he iti iho i te £135 (GST) te uara kua whakapuakina. Ka tangohia e te ture taake hou te whakawāteatanga taake taketake mō te kawemai o ngā taonga iti, arā, ngā taonga kāore e neke atu i te £15 te uara kua whakapuakina, ā, me utu inaianei te taake tāpiri uara i te reiti taake o te 20.
Ina he hinonga ngā taonga katoa e kawemai ana ki te UK, me whakamahi te nama tautuhi rēhitatanga kaiwhakahaere ōhanga (nama EORI) me te nama VAT (nama VAT) a te kaiwhiwhi. Kāore e pā te nama EORI o te EU ki ngā pakihi kawemai me te kaweake o te UK.
Mena he tūāpapa hokohoko īpurangi (OMP) te kaiwhiwhi, ka riro i te tūāpapa hokohoko īpurangi te kawenga mō te kohi me te kaute i te GST. Ko te GST mō ngā taonga kawemai kua hokona tika ki ngā kaihoko Peretānia i te UK ka haere tonu te kaute e ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi me te kore whai wāhi mai o ngā tūāpapa hokohoko īpurangi (OMP); Mō ngā taonga i tukuna ki tāwāhi me te hoko tika ki ngā kaiwhiwhi o Peretānia me te kore whai wāhi mai o ngā tūāpapa hokohoko īpurangi (OMP), me rēhita e ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi ngā kaiwhakahaere ōhanga me ngā tau tautuhi (tau EORI) me ngā tau GST (tau GST) me te utu GST ki te Tari Tikanga o Peretānia (HMRC). Mena he rēhita GST tā te kaihoko arumoni i te UK, ā, kua tukuna he tau rēhita GST tika ki te kaihoko, ka kautehia te GST mā te utu whakamuri a te kaihoko.
Kāore te ture taake hou e pā ki ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kore-arumoni e pā ana ki ngā taonga takoha excise (hikareti, waipiro) me ngā tāngata takitahi rānei, e whakamahi ana i ngā ture o nāianei, ko ngā taipitopito e whakaaturia ana e te Tari Tikanga o Peretānia.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-04-2021