Kei te pāngia a Īnia e tētahi wāhanga hou o te pakarutanga o te mate urutā COVID-19. Mai i te 2 o Paenga-whāwhā, kua neke atu i te 300,000 ngā kēhi hou kua whakamanahia i Īnia, e wawahi ana i ngā kēhi hou teitei rawa atu i roto i te rā kotahi i whakatakotoria i te United States. Ko te tapeke o ngā kēhi kua whakamanahia i Īnia i eke ki te 17.3 miriona, tuarua ki te United States anake. Poraka hiko pūrua, hononga papa PCB ki te papa me whakaata tapatoru me mōhio.
I te mea kei te pāngia a Īnia e te momo werohanga kano, te rerekētanga o te huaketo me te korenga o ngā rauemi hauora, kua uru atu a Īnia ki tētahi āhua ohorere, ā, kua tīmata te maha o ngā wāhi ki te hiri i te tāone. Heoi, nā ngā aukati o te tau kua hipa kua pāngia te ōhanga o Īnia e ngā raruraru nui, e whakaatu ana i te tipu kino o te GDP mō ngā hauwhā e rua karapīpiti i te tau kua hipa. He aha te pānga o te whakapai ake i te mate urutā ki Īnia me te ōhanga o te ao i tēnei tau? He aha ngā ahumahi ka pāngia a Haina?
I pāngia te ōhanga e ngā mahi aukati
I tēnei wā, kua hiritia ētahi wāhanga o Īnia i roto i ngā tāone. I panuitia e New Delhi he raka kotahi wiki mai i te 1 o Paenga-whāwhā. I te wā o te aukati, ka noho kati tonu ngā toa hokohoko, ngā whare pikitia, ngā wharekai me ētahi atu wāhi tūmatanui. Tekau mā toru atu anō ngā kawanatanga kua whakatau ki te whakatakoto i ngā here mutunga wiki, ngā rā kati o nāianei, ngā raka rānei. O ēnei, ko Maharashtra, e tohu ana i te tata ki te 15% o te GDP i Īnia, kua kati i te nuinga o ana wheketere mai i te 1 o Paenga-whāwhā.
Kei te ruarua te tipu o te GDP
Nā te aukati i kino ake ai te ōhanga ngoikore o Īnia. Ina hoki, kua tino puhoi te tipu ōhanga o Īnia i mua i te pakarutanga mai o te mate urutā, ā, i whakaatuhia e te Tari Tatauranga Matua kua tipu a Īnia mā te 4.2% i te tau pūtea 2019 - 2020 (Paenga-whāwhā 2019 ~ Maehe 2020), he iti rawa tēnei mai i te 11 tau.
Kua kati a Īnia i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi ki Hune o te tau kua hipa. I roto i te hanganga ōhanga o Īnia, e 60% o te GDP te uara o te umanga ratonga, kua tata te whakamutu i te ōhanga, kua puta te tipu kino mō ngā hauwhā e rua karapīpiti. GDP QQ 2 0 2 0 - 2 0 2 1 (Paenga-whāwhā - Hune 2 0 2 0), ko te hekenga kino rawa atu tēnei o Īnia mai i ana raraunga ōhanga hauwhā i te tau 1996; i haere tonu te hekenga o te GDP o Īnia ki te 7. 5% i te hauwhā tuarua (Hōngongoi - Mahuru 2020). Q3 (Oketopa - Hakihea 2020), Ka tīmata te GDP i Inia ki te hoki mai ki te tipu pai, Ka piki ake mā te 0.4%. Ahakoa rā, kei te noho kino tonu a Inia puta noa i te tau. E ai ki te matapae hou i tukuna e Central Statistics i te Hui-tanguru 26, e matapaetia ana ka tipu a Inia i te -8% mō te tau pūtea 2020 - 2021.
I te tīmatanga o Āperira, i tukuna e te IMF te Tirohanga Ōhanga o te Ao hou, i hoatu ai ki a Īnia te matapae tipu 12.5% mō te 2021, te tere tipu teitei rawa atu o te ao, 8.4% me te 6% puta noa i te ao. I hoatu e te IMF te take he kaha ake te whakaoranga i te mea i tumanakohia i te tīmatanga i muri i ētahi whenua nui pēnei i a Īnia. Heoi, e whakapono ana ētahi tohunga ōhanga kāore e taea te whakatutuki i te tere tipu ahakoa i runga i te turanga iti o te tau o mua. E tohu ana hoki te IMF i te nui o te koretake o te heke mai, ā, ka tino heke te tirohanga ōhanga mena ka kino haere te mate urutā nā tētahi momo ātete hou.
Te pānga ki ngā kaweake me ngā ahumahi o Haina
Kua kī te Manatū Take Ke o Haina kei te hiahia rātou ki te whakarato i te tautoko me te āwhina e tika ana ki a Īnia hei whakahaere i te mate urutā.
Tērā pea ka mau tonu te wāhi kaweake a Haina
Mō te ōhanga Haina, ka kawea mai hoki e te mate urutā Inia ētahi whai wāhitanga. I kī a Chen Jianheng, he kaitātari i CICC, ko te hokinga mai o ngā mākete putaiao ka taea te pupuri i te wāhi kaweake a Haina mō tētahi wā. Mena ka hoki mai anō ngā pakarutanga ki ngā whenua pēnei i a Inia, Brazil me te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia, ka pāngia pea te whakaputanga ahumahi me ngā kaweake i roto i ēnei whenua, ā, ka whai hua ki ngā whenua he pai ake te whakahaere i te mate urutā. Hei tauira, mai i te tau kua hipa, ko Haina tētahi o ngā whenua pai rawa atu o te ao ki te whakahaere i te mate urutā, ā, i ngā whenua o te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia, kua pai ake te whakahaere a Vietnam i te mate urutā, ā, kua hua ake he tere tipu kaweake pai ake mō Haina me Vietnam i te toenga o te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga a te WTO, ko Haina me Vietnam anake i eke ki te tipu pai i te tau 2020, ā, ko ngā kaweake a Haina i piki ake mā te 3.6 ōrau, engari ko Kōrea ki te Tonga, Īnia, Initonīhia, Philippines, Brazil me Mexico i heke katoa i te tau 2020 ki te whakataurite ki te tau 2019, inā koa ko Īnia, i heke nui ai ngā kaweake mā te 14.8 ōrau.
Te whakawhiti ā-whare pea o ngā ota API
Mai i te tirohanga a te mekameka ahumahi o te ao, ko te pānga nui ko te API, te umanga kakahu me ētahi atu mara. Ko Īnia te kaiwhakarato matua o te mākete API o te ao, ā, ko te pakarutanga o te mate urutā e whakawhāiti ana i te hanga API a Īnia, me ngā here haere a ētahi atu whenua ki Īnia, ka arahi ki tētahi āputa poto i roto i te mākete API o te ao. Hei rongoā e tika ana, he pakari te tono mō te API, ā, i raro i te āputa o te tuku me te tono, e matapaetia ana ka noho teitei tonu te utu mō te API.
I kī te kaitātari haumarutanga a Chuan Cai, a Chen Jian, he whenua tuku rongoā mata a Haina me Īnia, ā, tera pea ka taea te whakawhiti ota. Ko te tuku rauemi mata i Haina i tēnei wā e 9% o te ao, ā, ko Īnia te 12%. I roto i te whakarite API, ka wehea te nuinga ki te API papatipu, te API āhuahanga me te API patent. I tēnei wā, he nui ngā rauemi mata e kaweake ana a Haina, e noho ana i te tihi o te mekameka ahumahi, e tuku ana i te 68% o ngā rauemi mata papatipu i te mākete Inia, ko Īnia te rauemi mata āhuahanga matua, e noho ana i ngā pito waenga o te mekameka ahumahi. Mai i te tirohanga hua, ko ngā rongoā mata matua i Inia ko te ārai mate, te pūnaha ngākau, te pūnaha io matua, te mara manawa, e neke atu ana i te 50 te ōwehenga ārai mate me te pūnaha ngākau. I tēnei wā, he nui te kohikohinga o Haina i roto i ngā mara e pā ana, he nui hoki te kaha whakaputa, i Inia kua aukatihia te kaha whakaputa rongoā mata, e tumanakohia ana ka nui ake ngā ota ka tukuna ki ngā umanga API o te kāinga, e tumanakohia ana ka whai hua ngā umanga API e pā ana ki te kāinga.
Ina hoki, kua pāngia te utu hea o ngā kamupene API e pā ana ki A e te mate urutā Inia, ā, kua piki ake. I te 26 o Paenga-whāwhā, i piki ake ngā hea ariā API, Minova, te umanga rongoā Huahai, te rohe hokohoko umanga rongoā noa, ā, i roto i ēnei ko Minova e toru ngā rā hokohoko karapīpiti. I piki ake te umanga rongoā Tonghe i te neke atu i te 15. I tua atu, i piki ake hoki ngā matū rongoā, ngā kano kano koiora, ngā taputapu hauora me ētahi atu pereti e pā ana.
I kī tētahi o roto i tētahi kamupene rongoā ā-ao whānui, ko te nuinga o āna hua he matū koiora, he mea whakaranu ki ngā taputapu tauhohenga koiora, ehara i te rongoā matū, nō reira kāore i te tino pāngia e te mate urutā Inia. Mō ngā umanga rongoā o te ao, ko te nuinga o te wā e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō rātou tūranga whanaunga i roto i te mekameka ahumahi. Mena nō Inia noa ngā rauemi mata o ēhea umanga rongoā, ka pāngia rātou, ā, ki te taupatupatu tēhea ki te hanganga o te raina whakaputa Inia, he pai. Ko te nuinga o ngā API o Inia ka kaweake ki Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika, ā, he torutoru noa iho ki Haina, nō reira he whai wāhitanga tēnei mō ngā kamupene matū ā-rohe.
Ngā painga mō te kakahu, ngā painga mō te wā poto rānei
Ko Īnia hoki te kaihanga miro nui rawa atu o te ao, ā, tera pea ka pai ake te umanga kakahu o te motu i roto i te wā poto. I tohu te kaitātari Huaxi Securities, a Tang Shuangshuang, neke atu i te 20 ōrau o te ao i ahu mai i te kaha miro o Īnia, i pāngia e te mate urutā o Īnia, i piki ake ngā hokohoko miro ā-mua mā te 3 ōrau i te wiki kua hipa, ā, i piki ake anō hoki te taupū miro C32S o Haina.
Kua pāngia ngā mākete hea i Inia
Mai i te tirohanga a te mākete pūtea, i pāngia te mākete hea o Īnia me te mākete moni ke e te mate urutā. Kua heke te taupū SENSEX30 o Īnia mā te 2.27 ōrau mai i Āperira, ā, kua heke mā te 0.91 ōrau i te wiki kua hipa mō ngā wiki e toru karapīpiti. Kua tata ki tōna iti rawa i te tīmatanga o Hānuere.
Kua kaha ake te hekenga o te rupee Inia
Kua hinga hoki te rūpi Īnia ki te tāra mō ngā wiki e rua mai i Āperira, he hekenga katoa o te 2.12% i te 26 o Āperira.
"I te taha o te kaha ake o te tāra, ngā moni mākete puta noa i te ao e ngoikore ana, ngā rerenga mai ngoikore o ngā pūtea mākete puta noa i te ao, me te pikinga ake o ngā moni karauna hou, tera pea ka heke te uara o te rūpī Īnia," te kī a Mr Nalang. "Tērā pea ka heke te uara o te rūpī Īnia"
Haunga te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā kēhi kua whakaūtia, i kī a Reuters ko te whakatau a te Peeke Matua o Īnia ki te hoko i te maha o ngā here i kino ake ai te hekenga o te rūpi Īnia.
Ngā ohorere o te heke mai o te hinu mata
Ko Īnia te whenua tuarua o te ao e taupori ana, ā, ko ia te kaihoko pūngao matua, ko ia te tuatoru o ngā kawemai hinu nui rawa atu o te ao. I heke tonu ngā utu hinu mata i waenganui i ngā mataku kei pāngia te hiahia pūngao o Īnia e te mate urutā. I heke katoa ngā utu hinu mata WTI me ngā utu hinu mata Brent o Rānana mā te 1.5% i te 19:25 i te wā o Beijing i te Wenerei. Heoi, e whakapono ana te kairangahau utu hinu o te Tonga o Haina, a Yuan Ming, kāore te mākete hinu mata e heke tonu ana, me aro ki te hui hou a te OPEC i te mutunga o Paenga-whāwhā.
Nā te tāra i whakaiti te kaha o te RMB
Mai i te tirohanga a ngā mākete pūtea o te ao, i ngā wā tata nei, kua paku heke ngā hua here o Amerika, kua heke ngā hua 10-tau ki te 1.5% mai i te teitei neke atu i te 1.7% i te mutunga o Poutū-te-rangi. Kua ngoikore anō hoki te tāra, kua heke te taupū tāra tata ki te 2.5% mai i Paenga-whāwhā, kei te tata ki te 90.8 i tēnei wā. Kei te kaha tonu te reiti whakawhiti RMB, mai i Paenga-whāwhā, kua piki te yuan mai i te tata ki te 6.48 mai i te tata ki te 6.57 i te tīmatanga o te marama.
I roto i te pūrongo rangahau a te CICC, i tohua te hekenga anō o te hua here o Amerika me te tāra o Amerika nā te mea ka pāngia pea te tere o te whakaoranga ōhanga e te mate urutā. Mēnā ka hoki anō te mate urutā o te ao, kāore anō kia memeha ngā here matua o te ōhanga o te ao, kāore e kitea te whakawhāititanga nui o ngā peeke pokapū o te ao, ka hoki te mākete ki te arorau i mua i tēnei rauna o ngā reiti nama o Amerika, ā, ka haere tonu ki te mahi i ngā rawa maha-morearea, tae atu ki ngā hea me ngā taonga. Ina ngoikore ngā āwangawanga mō te whakawhāititanga o te Fed, ā, ka hoki anō te hiahia mōrearea, ka heke te tāra. I taua wā anō, ka tautokohia hoki e ngā kaweake o Haina te reiti whakawhiti RMB ina noho teitei tonu i roto i te wā poto.
Heoi, i kī atu anō a CICC he wā poto noa iho te whakatikatika i tēnei wā tata nei, ā, i te wā roa, kāore te pikinga o te mate urutā e whakarerekē i te rārangi pikinga utu, te ia o te pikinga o ngā reiti huamoni here o Amerika, me te kaha ake o te tāra e mutu ana. Kia piki ake te pikinga utu o Amerika ki ngā tumanakohanga i roto i ngā marama torutoru e whai ake nei, me whakawhāiti pea te Fed. Kua piki haere ngā reiti whai wāhi a ngā kaimahi i ngā mākete whakawhanake, ā, ki te kore te kāwanatanga o Biden e whakawhānui tere i tana nama pūtea, engari ka tīmata ki te takoha ki te hunga whai rawa, ka heke anō pea te hiahia mōrearea, ka whakapakari ake i ngā reiti huamoni me te tāra o Amerika i te hauwhā waenga me te hauwhā tuarua. Ka kawea mai e te tāra kaha ake he huringa mō ngā rawa mōrearea, ā, ka anga atu ki tētahi huringa i roto i te mākete here o Haina.
Te wā tuku: Mei-06-2021