Akukho kungabaza ngokusebenza kwamabhodi okubhaka angenaso insimbi athembekile, kodwa kumelwe uvume ukuthi awaphelele. Yiqiniso, awafaneleki ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamasekethe, kodwa awanenkinga kangako kunalawo anama-jumper. Abantu abanganaki bazogcina bebambeke kakhulu enqwabeni yama-jumper anezingxenye zawo, futhi abantu abakhethayo bazochitha isikhathi esiningi benza ama-jumper ahlanzeke esikhundleni sokwenza ngempela isibonelo sesekethe uqobo. Kufanele ngenzeni?
Enye indlela yokuxazulula le nkinga ukwenza ibhodi lokubhaka elingenasoda ngaphandle kwama-jumper. Lona umqondo ongemuva "kwemikhiqizo yokubhaka" eqhubekayo ka-[Kevin Santo Cappuccio]. Umqondo uwukulungisa ibhodi lokubhaka elijwayelekile ukuze ukuxhumana phakathi kwanoma yiziphi iziqeshana zokuxhumana ezivamile kanye nesitimela samandla kusungulwe kusofthiwe. Icebo ngemuva kwalokhu ukulingisa i-CMOS switch chip matrix, ikakhulukazi i-MT8816AP. Ama-crosspoint switch angu-128 nge-chip ngayinye angaphatha ama-voltage afinyelela ku-±12 volts, ngakho-ke kunezifunda eziningi ezingasebenzisa la ma-jumper e-silicon angahlelwa.
[Kevin] Inguqulo yamanje ingu-0.2, usayizi wayo ulingana ngaphansi kwebhodi lokubhaka elingenasoda, futhi iphakheji lincane. Wabelane ngemininingwane yokuthi ungaxhuma kanjani oxhumana nabo bebhodi lokubhaka, okwakubonakala kuyinqubo ebuhlungu: khipha oxhumana nabo, usike ilebula elincane ekugcineni komsele, bese uligoba phansi ukuze wakhe ukuphrinta kwebhodi lokujikeleza elinomgodi odlulayo. Kubukeka sengathi umsebenzi omningi, kumele kube nendlela engcono; [Kevin] ngokusobala uvulekele iziphakamiso.
Nakuba sesibonile ukushintshashintsha okuphambene kusetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amabhodi okubhaka angenaso insimbi ngaphambili, sithole ukuthi ukulula kwalo msebenzi kuyajabulisa. Umqondo wokulahla zonke lezi zithombe ezisheshayo uyakhanga ngempela.
Lona umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu. Okunye okuhlakaniphile ukuthi kunezikrini ezincane ohlangothini ngalunye ezibonisa uxhumano lwamanje.
Ngaphandle kokuthi awukwazi ukusebenzisa isibonisi se-LED esinezigaba ezingu-7 noma i-vibration motor noma i-accelerometer noma i-DIP switch noma ezinye izingxenye "ezijabulisayo nezithakazelisayo".
I-15mA (ImaxIO) yanele ukusingatha noma yisiphi isignali encane, uma udinga amandla amaningi, ungasebenzisa i-bipolar noma i-FET, phela, iseyibhodi lokufaka isinkwa.
Ngesikhathi ngenza i-prototyping, ngenza i-PCB yokufaka ubuso ohlangothini olulodwa eyayiqukethe wonke ama-chip edijithali engangiwadinga futhi ngafafaza ama-chip e-CPLD ayethwala izimpawu "zonke" phakathi kwama-chip. Bese ngihlela uxhumano ku-VHDL. Ngakho-ke uma ngenza iphutha noma ngidinga ukushintsha uxhumano, kumane kungukushintsha ikhodi.
Kwesinye salezo zinhlanganisela ze-analog lapho uxhuma khona zonke izintambo, lo mbono ubonakala umnandi impela.
Nokho, uma ngihlangana nebhodi lokubeka isinkwa engilithembayo, ngizoyeka ukungabaza. Kubhodi lokubeka isinkwa, *njalo* kudinga ukuqagela ukuthi ngabe iphutha ekwakhiweni kwakho noma iphutha ebhodini lokubeka isinkwa.
Okubi nakakhulu, kufanele uklame ngqo amakhono ebhodi lokufaka isinkwa, futhi izinto ezidinga ukwenziwa isibonelo, njengokushintsha imithetho, azisebenzi kahle.
Ama-analog nama-high speed awawathandi ama-parasitic, ama-digital nama-low speed awadingi isigaba se-prototype esenziwe ngesandla, uma uqaphele.
Angazi lutho ngazo zonke lezi zinto, kodwa bengilokhu nginethemba lokuguqulwa okunjalo, futhi njalo uma ngikubheka, ngithola ukuthi akulona iqiniso. Ngisho nasezifundeni ezilula, kufanele uvumelanise ngokucophelela iswishi nezidingo zakho zangempela. Khona-ke kusadingeka wamukele izinga elithile lokuziphatha okungathandeki. Zihlala ziyi-unity gain op amps yangempela noma uhlobo oluthile lwama-transistors ane-voltage bias noma ukumelana.
Angazi okuningi ngobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo. Ishidi ledatha le-MT8816 engilitholile alinawo umdwebo weskimu woxhumano lwangempela. Kodwa ngokushesha (uma ngichaze kahle), ngibone ukuthi ugesi ophezulu ungu-15mA kanti ukumelana okuvamile kungu-45ohm ku-Vdd=12. Kuyisici esithakazelisayo esingasetshenziswa ezintweni eziningi, kodwa isixwayiso sikhulu. Busa ngisho. Angikwazi ukucabanga ngesekethe eyodwa engiyenzile ngebhodi lokufaka isinkwa elingashintshwa. Ikakhulukazi ngoba ngisebenzise ibhodi lokufaka isinkwa njengesinyathelo ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa ibhodi lokufaka isinkwa ndawonye... Uma kuqhathaniswa nalolu shintsho, ukuziphatha okuhluke kakhulu kwezintambo kwenza kwaba nzima ukuqala nhlobo.
Uma ngiqonda ukuthi isekethe isebenza kahle kanjani ukuze ngibikezele umthelela walokhu kuxhumana kuyo, khona-ke angidingi ibhodi lokufaka isinkwa kwasekuqaleni.
Kumasignali amancane agcina ugesi ophansi, lokhu kufanele kube njengomshini ofanele. Vele, ukumelana kogesi kuzohluka kuye ngokuthi umi kuphi ngaphakathi kwebanga le-voltage, kodwa kuzodingeka ubhekane nama-kiloohms noma kunjalo, futhi akufanele kube nandaba ukuthi ungeza i-+-75 ohm kuleli phutha ekwakhiweni kwakho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uklama isekethe engeke yakhiwe ngenxa yokubekezelelana kwezingxenye.
Yebo, uma usunale divayisi, ungaphuma uyosungula iphrojekthi, le phrojekthi iyisignali encane engabalulekile engu-+/-75ohm. Kodwa angikaze ngenze iphrojekthi enjalo. Angikwazi ngisho nokucabanga ngephrojekthi enobukhulu obunjalo. Izinombolo ezimsulwa cishe yizona kuphela ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso, ngoba lokhu unezixhumanisi eziningi kangangokuthi ibhodi lokufaka isinkwa liyithonsi nje ebhakedeni, noma kunezixhumanisi ezimbalwa kakhulu kangangokuthi ungathanda ukusebenzisa i-ic clip ukuze uxhume ikhebula.
Eqinisweni, ingxenye yekhodi eqediwe lapho ingabeka imvamisa ethile (noma noma yisiphi isignali) ku-probe ukuze ukwazi ukuyixhuma emigqeni ehlukene bese utshela ibhodi ukuthi yikuphi ukuxhumana ofuna ukukwenza ngaphandle kwekhompyutha.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ngemva kokwenza izinto eziyisisekelo zisebenze kahle ukwenza ezinye zezinto ozishilo. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuxazulula le nkinga. Ngicabanga ukuthi indlela ehlakaniphile kakhulu ukufaka isibonisi phezulu kwebhodi lokubeka isinkwa, kodwa ukwenza isibonisi ngesibonisi esinomgodi onjalo kungadinga izinga lokuthuthukiswa kwe-Samsung. Enye indlela ukufaka iphrojektha encane kanye nekhamera kuyo, kodwa zonke izinto engizisebenzisile ezizama ukwenza izinto ezinjalo zihamba kancane futhi ziyinkinga ukuzisebenzisa, futhi kukhona nje ithini likadoti eliphelele elidubula nxazonke.
Akukhona ukuthi noma yiziphi zalezi zinto azinakwenziwa, ngidinga nje ukuthola indlela yokwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokudela ulwazi.
Ngithanda umqondo wama-probes. Njengesibonakaliso, ikholomu ngayinye ine-rgb, futhi "inethi" ngayinye inekhodi yayo yombala. Ngokuqinisekile ayihlakaniphile njengamaphrojektha angaphezulu, kodwa kulula ukushayela ama-strips e-ws281*.
Nakuba ngokolwazi lwami, lawo mapuleti epulasitiki asobala angekho eshalofini, angenalo uphawu ayize, kodwa kuzwakala kulula ukuhlanganisa icala elibonakalayo nesiqeshana se-bb830 kunesibonisi esinembobo. Vula izinketho eziningi zokubeka i-LED. Kodwa ngisho nokubeka ama-LED ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwebhodi lesifunda akuwona umqondo omubi (ngaphandle kokuthi isitimela samandla siyaphazamisa kancane)
Ngiyayithanda le mbono, futhi kumele ngiyifunde ngokucophelela i-chip. Bengilokhu ngifuna into efanayo - kodwa ngezinombolo kuphela. Iphini ngalinye kufanele libe nokumelana okulungisekayo kanye nokumelana okulungisekayo kusethi yomhlaba njengesethi yokufaka njengesethi yokuphuma ukuze kubekwe konke njengebhulokhi yokubhalisa i-shift yephini ngayinye, ngakho-ke isofthiwe ingahleleka. Kodwa kuze kube manje akukho FPGA/CPLD efanelekile etholakele. Kwibhodi lokufaka isinkwa, uhlelo kufanele lumboze okungenani amaphini angu-60 angu-30+30. Njengoba konke kusekelwe kuma-shift registers, kungandiswa kalula. Futhi konke kulawulwa yisofthiwe.
Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yethu kanye nezinsizakalo zethu, uyavuma ngokusobala ukuthi amakhukhi ethu okusebenza, ukusebenza kanye nokukhangisa abekwe. Funda kabanzi
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-19-2021