Pa 1 Februaryst, Nduna ya zachuma ku India, Sitaraman, adapereka bajeti ya chaka cha ndalama cha 2021/2022 ku nyumba yamalamulo. Bajeti yatsopanoyo italengezedwa, idakhudzidwa ndi magulu onse kuphatikizapo Soketi ya ic, zowunikira za msewu ndi Chipika cha Magetsi.
Buku lothandizira: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/impbud2020-21.pdf
Mu bajeti, kusintha kwa mitengo yolowera kunja kunayang'ana kwambiri pa zamagetsi ndi zinthu zam'manja, zitsulo, mankhwala, zida zamagalimoto, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, nsalu, zinthu zopangidwa ndi MSME ndi zinthu zaulimi zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupanga zinthu zakomweko. Mitengo ya zida zina zamagalimoto, zida zama foni ndi ma solar panels yakwezedwa kuti ipititse patsogolo kupanga zinthu m'dziko.
Buku lothandizira: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/Basic-Customs-Duty
Mwachitsanzo, mitengo ya mafiriji ndi ma compressor oziziritsa mpweya yakwera kuchoka pa 12.5 peresenti kufika pa 15 peresenti, pomwe mitengo ya magetsi a LED, zida ndi zida zina (monga ma circuit board osindikizidwa) yakwera kuchoka pa 5 peresenti kufika pa 10 peresenti.
Tsopano, zinthu zopangira zinthu zogulitsa kunja kapena zopangira mabatire a li-ion komanso makatiriji ndi ma nozzles a inki zidzalipidwa msonkho wa 2.5%. Chogulitsa chomalizidwa ndi chikopa chidzalipidwa msonkho wa 10%. Pofuna kuthandiza opanga akumaloko, mitengo ya ulusi ndi ulusi wa nayiloni wotumizidwa kunja yachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 7.5 peresenti kufika pa 5 peresenti.
Webusaiti:
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/trade/exports/insights/budget-2021-400-old-duty-exemptions-to-get-a-rejig-duties-cut-on-many-items-to-help-msmes/articleshow/80631119.cms
Ndiye kodi kusintha kwa mitengo ya zinthu ndi kotani? Tiyeni tiwone:
Zinthu zochepetsera mitengo
Mitengo ya zinthu zopangidwa ndi mkuwa inachepetsedwa kufika pa 2.5 peresenti;
Chitsulo chotayidwa sichilipitsidwa msonkho (mpaka pa 31 Marichi)
Mitengo ya naphtha inachepetsedwa kufika pa 2.5 peresenti;
Mitengo yoyambira pa zinthu zosindikizidwa ndi mapepala opepuka opangidwa ndi zinthu zina inachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 10 peresenti kufika pa 5 peresenti.
Mitengo ya ma inverter a solar yakwera kuchoka pa 5 peresenti kufika pa 20 peresenti ndipo mitengo ya nyali za solar yakwera kuchoka pa 5 peresenti kufika pa 15 peresenti;
Misonkho ya golide ndi siliva iyenera kuganiziridwa bwino: msonkho woyambira wa golide ndi siliva ndi 12.5. Popeza mitengo yawonjezeka kuchoka pa 10% mu Julayi 2019, mtengo wa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali unakwera kwambiri. Kuti ukwere kufika pamlingo wake wakale, Misonkho ya golide ndi siliva inachepetsedwa kufika pa 7.5 peresenti. Misonkho ya migodi ina ya golide inachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 11.85 peresenti kufika pa 6.9 peresenti; Zokolola za siliva za ingot zinakwera kuchoka pa 11% kufika pa 6.1%; 12.5 peresenti ya platinamu; Chiŵerengero cha golide ndi siliva chomwe chinapezeka chinatsika kuchoka pa 20% kufika pa 10%; Khumi peresenti ya ndalama zachitsulo zamtengo wapatali zinatsika kuchoka pa 12.5 peresenti.
Misonkho yochokera kunja kwa dziko pa zinthu zosapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, mbale ndi zipangizo zazitali yachepetsedwa kufika pa 7.5 peresenti. Kuphatikiza apo, Unduna wa Zachuma ku India ukuganizira zochotsa msanga mitengo ya zinthu zotsalira, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kutha ntchito pa 31 Marichi, 2022.
Mitengo yoyambira (BCD) pa tchipisi ta nayiloni, ulusi wa nayiloni ndi ulusi imachepetsedwa kufika pa 5.
Zodzikongoletsera ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali zimachepa kuchoka pa 12.5% kufika pa 7.5% motsatana.
Zinthu zomwe zili ndi kukwezedwa kwa mitengo zikuphatikizapo
Misonkho ya thonje inakwera kuchoka pa 0 kufika pa 10 peresenti;
Misonkho yochokera kunja kwa dziko pa ulusi wosaphika ndi silika yawonjezeka kuchoka pa 10% kufika pa 15%;
Makina oyendetsera ngalande amalipiritsa msonkho wa 7 peresenti ndi 2.5 peresenti pa ziwalo zawo;
Misonkho ya nsapato inakwera kuchoka pa 25 kufika pa 35 peresenti;
Misonkho ya zoseweretsa inakwera kuchoka pa 20% kufika pa 60%;
Misonkho ya mipando monga mipando, nyali ndi matiresi idzakwezedwa kuchoka pa 20 peresenti kufika pa 25 peresenti;
Mitengo ya zipangizo zamagetsi monga mafani, zopukusira chakudya/zopukutira, zolezera, zotenthetsera madzi, ma uvuni, zotenthetsera toaster, makina opangira khofi, zotenthetsera ndi zoyimitsa, ndi zinthu zokhazikika monga makabati osungiramo mafayilo ndi ma disk a mapepala yakwera kuchoka pa 10 mpaka 20 peresenti;
Mitengo ya mafiriji amalonda yakwera kuchoka pa 7.5 peresenti kufika pa 15 peresenti;
Mitengo ya mafiriji ndi ma compressor oziziritsa mpweya yakwera kuchoka pa 10 peresenti kufika pa 12.5 peresenti;
Mitengo ya mafani a sitima yapamtunda inakwera kuchoka pa 7.5 peresenti kufika pa 10 peresenti;
Mitengo ya makina odulira zitsulo ndi odulira plasma yakwera kuchoka pa 7.5 peresenti kufika pa 10 peresenti;
Ponena za magalimoto amagetsi, msonkho pa katundu wolowetsedwa m'mabasi amagetsi omangidwa mokwanira ndi magalimoto amagetsi wakwera kuchoka pa 25 peresenti kufika pa 40 peresenti, msonkho pa katundu womalizidwa pang'ono wa mabasi, magalimoto amagetsi ndi magalimoto a mawilo awiri wakwera kuchoka pa 15 peresenti kufika pa 25 peresenti, msonkho pa magalimoto okwera anthu ndi njinga zamoto zitatu wakwera kuchoka pa 15 peresenti kufika pa 30 peresenti, zida zolowera m'magalimoto onse amagetsi (zida zolowetsedwa ku India kuti zikonzedwenso) ndi msonkho kuchoka pa 10 peresenti kufika pa 15 peresenti;
Mitengo ya mafoni ena yakwezedwa kuchoka pa "zero" kufika pa 2.5 peresenti; kukwera kwa mitengo yolowera kunja kwa dziko lapansi cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo mtengo wowonjezera wa zinthu zapakhomo, ndipo zina mwa zinthu zoyambirira za zero-tariff zakwezedwa pang'ono kufika pa 2.5 peresenti, kuphatikizapo ma assembled printed circuit boards (PCBA), ma kamera modules (Camera Module), zolumikizira (Connector);
Misonkho yochokera kunja kwa nyali za LED kapena zoyika (Malawi a LED kapena Fixture) yakwezedwa kuchoka pa 5 peresenti kufika pa 10 peresenti;
Mtengo wa mtedza wodulidwa udzakwera kuchoka pa 30% mpaka 100%.
Kufunika kugogomezera kwambiri kukhazikitsidwa kwa Agricultural Infrastructure and Development Centre (AIDC.) mu bajeti ya India ya chaka chatsopano cha ndalama. Mtengo watsopanowu ndi msonkho wowonjezera pa katundu wina. Kusinthaku kudzayamba kugwira ntchito pa February 2, 2021.
Mwachitsanzo, India yachepetsa msonkho wake wokhudza mafuta a kanjedza kuchokera pa 27.5 peresenti kufika pa 15 peresenti, koma iwonjezera 17.5 peresenti pa zinthu zogulitsa kunja; yowonjezera 35 peresenti pa maapulo; ndi yowonjezera 40 peresenti pa nandolo.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za misonkho, dinani izi:
https://taxguru.in/custom-duty/key-changes-customs-excise-union-budget-2021.html
Nduna ya Zachuma Neil Marla Sitaraman (Nirmala Sitharaman) adati mu nkhani ya bajeti: "Ndondomeko yathu ya misonkho iyenera kukwaniritsa cholinga chachiwiri cholimbikitsa kupanga zinthu zapakhomo ndikuthandiza India kulowa mu unyolo wamtengo wapatali padziko lonse lapansi komanso kutumiza kunja kwa dzikolo bwino. Tsopano cholinga chachikulu chiyenera kukhala kupeza zinthu zopangira ndi kutumiza kunja kwa dzikolo zomwe zimawonjezera phindu."
A Sitaraman akuti boma likusintha dongosolo lonselo. Ndondomeko 80 zakale zochotsera msonkho zathetsedwa ndipo zina 400 zikuwunikidwanso, ndipo njira yatsopano "yabwino kwambiri" ya msonkho idzakhazikitsidwa pofika pa 1 Okutobala, 2021.
Kuphatikiza apo, mkulu wa bungwe la International Monetary Fund ku India, Wilmani, anati India ikufunika mfundo ziwiri zamalonda kuti ichepetse kudalira kwake makampani opanga zinthu monga China, pomwe ikukopa maunyolo ogulitsa kuchokera kumayiko ena kudzera mu mitengo yotsika komanso yofanana yogulira zinthu. Ngakhale kuti zolimbikitsa zokhudzana ndi kupanga ndi chiyambi chabwino (choti zinthu zilowe m'malo mwa zinthu zogulitsa), boma likufunikabe kusintha kwambiri njira yogulira zinthu kuti likwaniritse cholinga cha mfundo ziwiri zamalonda."
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-23-2021