Kwa zaka ziwiri zapitazi, dziko la Turkey lakhala likuvutika ndi kugwa kwa ndalama komanso kukwera kwa mitengo.
Mu 2020, korona watsopanoyo unapangitsa kuti dziko la Turkey livutike kwambiri, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti liyambe kusokonekera kwambiri. Ndalama ya dziko la Turkey ya lira ikugwa mofulumira kwambiri ndipo ndalama zake zosungira ndalama zakunja zatsika kwambiri. Zolumikizira za terminal, zolumikizira za bolodi la pcb ku bolodi ndi Chowunikira Chowunikira ziyenera kudziwika.
Pankhaniyi, Turkey idakweza ndodo yotchedwa Trade Protection.
01 Kuvutika Maganizo
Chuma cha Turkey chakhala chikuvutika kwa nthawi yayitali kuyambira theka lachiwiri la chaka cha 2018, osatchulanso za chuma chake chosalimba, chomwe chawonjezeka chifukwa cha mliri watsopano wa korona mu 2020.
Moody's, bungwe loona za ndalama padziko lonse lapansi, linachepetsa chiwerengero cha ngongole cha dziko la Turkey kuchokera ku B1 kufika pa B2 mu Seputembala 2020 chifukwa chakuti kupitirirabe kwa ndalama zosungira ndalama zakunja mdzikolo kunabweretsa zoopsa zokhudzana ndi malipiro, mavuto azachuma komanso mavuto azachuma.
Mu kotala lachitatu la chaka cha 2020, chuma cha Turkey chinayamba kuyenda bwino. Komabe, malinga ndi deta yaposachedwa ya Turkey Bureau of Statistics (TUIK), chiŵerengero cha mitengo ya ogula ku Turkey chinakwera ndi 1.25% mu Disembala 2020 kuyambira Novembala ndi 14.6% kuchokera nthawi yomweyi mu 2019.
Mitengo ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana, mayendedwe, chakudya ndi zakumwa zopanda mowa inakwera kwambiri, pa 28.12 peresenti, 21.12 peresenti ndi 20.61 peresenti, motsatana, poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi mu 2019.
Purezidenti wa Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, ngakhale kuti ndi wovuta pa nkhani zakunja, alibe chochita kunyumba.
Pakati pa Disembala 2020, Erdoğan adalengeza njira zingapo zothandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati komanso amalonda kuti apulumuke miyezi itatu ikubwerayi. Koma akatswiri azachuma akuti njira zomwe zatengedwa mochedwa komanso pang'ono, sizingakhudze kwambiri chuma cha Turkey chomwe chikuvutika.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wa MetroPoll womwe watulutsidwa ndi ofufuza, 25% ya omwe adafunsidwa ku Turkey adati sangakwanitse ngakhale zosowa zawo zofunika. Chidaliro cha zachuma ku Turkey chatsika kufika pa 86.4 mu Disembala kuchokera pa 89.5 mu Novembala, malinga ndi Ofesi ya Ziwerengero ku Turkey. Mtengo uliwonse wochepera mapointi 100 ukuwonetsa kukhumudwa pakati pa anthu.
Pakadali pano, Erdoğan, yemwe adataya thandizo la mnzake Trump, wapereka thandizo ku EU, polembera Purezidenti wa ku France Macron za zokambirana za pavidiyo ndi chiyembekezo chokonzanso pang'onopang'ono ubale ndi EU.
Koma malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la Al Jazeera, dziko la Turkey lili mu "nkhondo yapachiweniweni", ponena za kuwonongeka kwa chuma cha dzikolo ku Turkey, zomwe zikupempha kuti pakhale zisankho zoyambirira za purezidenti ndi nyumba yamalamulo.
Kugwa kwa mtengo wosinthira ndalama
Mwa mayiko omwe adachita bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pofika chaka cha 2020, lira yaku Turkey iyenera kukhala ndi dzina ——5.94 rira poyerekeza ndi dola kumayambiriro kwa chaka, itatsika kufika pa 7.5 Lila mu Disembala, Kutsika kwapachaka kunali 25%, Kukhala msika woipa kwambiri wotuluka pambuyo pa Brazil! Kumayambiriro kwa Novembala 2020, mtengo wa lira yaku Turkey unatsika kwambiri: dola inali 8.5 rials.
Ichi ndi chaka chachisanu ndi chitatu motsatizana chomwe lira idatsika, ndipo kutsika kwakukulu pachaka kudapitilira 10%. Pa 2 Januware 2012, chiwongola dzanja cha lira motsutsana ndi dola yaku United States chinali 1.8944. Koma pa 31 Disembala 2020, lira idatsika kufika pa 7.4392 motsutsana ndi dola, kutsikaku kudapitilira 300% m'zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Ndalama ya dziko ikatsika mtengo kwambiri, mtengo wa zinthu zotumizidwa kunja umakwera, ndipo n'zovuta kunena kuti ogulitsa ku Turkey sangathe kupirira kugwa kwa lira ya ku Turkey. Pankhaniyi, amalonda ena aku Turkey angasankhe kuyimitsa malondawo, kapena kuyimitsa malipiro omaliza, kapena kukana katunduyo.
Ndipo kuti alowererepo pamsika wa ndalama zakunja, dziko la Turkey linatsala pang'ono kuwononga ndalama zake zosungiramo ndalama zakunja. Koma zotsatira zake n'zakuti lira ikutsikabe, ndipo zotsatira zake zenizeni ndi zochepa.
Poyang'anizana ndi vuto la ndalama, Purezidenti wa Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan nthawi ina adapempha anthu kuti agule lira ndikuyamba "kampeni yadziko lonse" yolimbana ndi "mdani wachuma". Ngati wina ayika ndalama, ma euro kapena golide pansi pa pilo, pitani kubanki ndikuzisintha ndi lira ya Turkey. Iyi ndi nkhondo yadziko lonse," adatero Erdoğan. "Sitidzataya nkhondo yachuma."
Koma panthawi yomwe anthu amakonda kugula golide kuti apeze phindu - anthu aku Turkey akupeza golide pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti golide wagwa kwa miyezi itatu yotsatizana, wakwera pafupifupi 19% kuyambira mu 2020.
03 Chitetezo cha malonda
Motero, Turkey yakweza mfundo ya "chitetezo cha malonda". Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2021, Turkey yakana milandu ingapo:
Ndipotu, dziko la Turkey lili ndi milandu yambiri yofufuza za chithandizo cha malonda pa zinthu zaku China, ndipo mu 2020, lipitiliza kufufuza ndikuyika misonkho pa zinthu zina.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kudziwa kuti Kasitomu ya ku Turkey ili ndi lamulo lachilendo lakuti ngati katunduyo abwezedwa ku doko ndi chilolezo cholembedwa cha wotumiza katunduyo ndi "chidziwitso chokana kulandira katunduyo", katunduyo adzakhala katundu wa ku Turkey atalowa m'doko la ku Turkey. Kwa madoko omwe akhala nthawi yayitali kapena katundu wosachotsedwa, Kasitomuyo adzakhala ndi ufulu wogulitsa katunduyo popanda mwiniwake ndipo wogula woyamba adzakhala wogula woyamba.
Malamulo ena a Customs ku Turkey akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogula katundu m'nyumba osafunikira kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo ngati ogulitsa katundu sakusamala, sadzakhala otanganidwa kwambiri.
Posachedwapa yatumizidwa ku Turkey, chonde samalani ndi chitetezo cha malipiro!
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-04-2021