Ko te wera nui me te huarere maroke ngā mea tino morearea e whakaatu ana i te taha kino.
Ko te tuatahi ko Ūropi, me te tāpiri atu ki te raruraru kai. E matapaetia ana e te pūrongo hou a te kamupene tohutohu ahuwhenua nui o Wīwī, a Strategie Grains, ka heke te hanga kānga o te EU ki te 55.4 miriona tana i te wā hua 2022-2023, koinei pea te taumata iti rawa i roto i te 15 tau, neke atu i te 20 ōrau i te tau i mua. I te ngahuru me te hotoke o te tau 2022, tera pea ka piki anō ngā utu kai o te EU.Ngā Whakaata Iti, Ngā Hononga Idc me Ngā Whakaata Wira Pahikara me mōhio.
Kua whakatūpato te Pokapū Rangahau Tahi a te Komihana o Ūropi ka pāngia a Ūropi e te tauraki kino rawa atu i roto i te 500 tau. I tua atu, i kī a Aschbacher, te kaiwhakahaere matua o te Tari Ātea o Ūropi, ki te kore e arohia te huringa āhuarangi, ka taea e Ūropi te utu tekau piriona tāra i tēnei rautau.
Ko te mōrearea nui rawa atu pea ki ngā pāmahana tino kino i Ūropi ko te tere o te rewa o ngā awaawa hukapapa o te Arctic. I te wā ā-rohe i te 11 o Ākuhata, i whakahuahia e te Washington Post ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-taiao - te whenua me te taiao, i kī te rangahau hou he tere ake te mahana o te arctic i tā te nuinga o ngā kaipūtaiao i whakaaro ai, ko te arctic tētahi o ngā rohe tino kino rawa atu o te mahana o te ao, i te mutunga o Hūrae, kua rewa te 40 piriona tana hukapapa ki te moana i te Arctic Svalbard.
Kei te pāngia hoki te Hononga o Amerika e te tauraki nui. E ai ki ngā raraunga hou mai i te US Drought Monitor, e 55 ōrau o te taha hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika kei runga ake i te taumata tauraki kino. He maha ngā pāpāho o Amerika i kī koinei te tauraki kino rawa atu i roto i ngā tau neke atu i te 200.
I "tangi ohorere" a Ūropi
Nā te pāmahana teitei me te rangi maroke onge i kino rawa atu ai te raruraru kai o Ūropi.
E matapaetia ana i roto i te pūrongo hou a te kamupene tohutohu ahuwhenua nui o Wīwī, a Strategie Grains, ka heke te hanga kānga a te EU ki te 55.4 miriona tana i te wā hua 2022-2023, koinei pea te taumata iti rawa i roto i ngā tau 15, me te hekenga neke atu i te 20 ōrau i ia tau. Kua heke te matapae mā te 15 ōrau mai i te 65.4 miriona tana i te marama o Hūrae, e tohu ana i te riri o te tauraki.
E ai ki te pūrongo kei te tino heke te tūmanakohanga mō te kotinga kānga i te tau 2022 puta noa i Ūropi, ā, ka eke ki tōna putanga iti rawa mai i te tau 2007.
Kāore hoki te tirohanga whakaputa mō ētahi atu hua whenua i te tino pai. E matapaetia ana e Strategie Grains ka heke te whakaputanga witi katoa o te EU mā te 8.5 ōrau i te wā hua whenua 2022-2023. I roto i ēnei, e matapaetia ana ka heke te whakaputanga witi ngohengohe mā te 5 ōrau ki te 123.3 miriona tana, ko te whakaputanga parei mā te 3.7 ōrau ki te 50 miriona tana, he iti iho i te toharite mō ngā tau e rima.
Ko te take o tēnei āhua pōuri, nā te mea kua pāngia e tēnei tauraki onge te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakarato kai nui o te EU: arā, a Wīwī, a Pāniora, a Itari, a Tiamana, me ētahi atu, i te taha hauauru me te tonga-waenganui o Ūropi, kāore nei i nui te ua mō te tata ki te rua marama.
E ai ki ngā kaimahi pāmu raihi Itari, kei te mate haere ngā tipu raihi i te rangi wera me te maroke, ā, e 30 ōrau noa iho o te tau kua hipa ka hua mai.
Kāore a Pāniora i ārai i te pānga, e 50% o te hinu oriwa o te ao e tukuna ana. I whakatūpato te Minita Ahuwhenua o Pāniora, a Luis Planas, ka iti iho te kotinga oriwa o tēnei tau i ērā o ngā tau o mua, me te matapae ka heke te hanga oriwa mā te hautoru.
Tērā pea ka pā te hekenga nui o te hanga witi ki te tuku kai a te EU, ā, e matapaetia ana e Strategie Grains he rerekētanga o te 100,000 tāne me te 200,000 tāne i te tau 2022.
Nā reira, kua matapaetia kētia e te matapae kai a Ūropi ka piki tonu pea ngā utu kai i roto i te EU i te ngahuru me te hotoke o te tau 2022.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei te pāngia hoki ētahi wāhanga o te US Midwest, te kaihanga kānga nui rawa atu o te ao, e te wera me te maroke o te rangi, e ara ake ana ngā āwangawanga mō te whakahekenga o āna mahi whakaputa.
E matapaetia ana hoki ka heke te hanga witi o te ao i tēnei tau, me te heke pea o te hanga witi mā te 0.8 ōrau ki te 738.4 miriona tana, me te hekenga o te hanga kānga mā te 3.6 ōrau ki te 1.13 piriona tana, e ai ki te Strategie Grains.
Whakatūpato hou: te tauraki kino rawa atu i roto i te 500 tau
Ko te mea nui ake, tera pea ka haere tonu te tauraki i Ūropi, ā, kāore e whakakore i te tūponotanga ka kino haere anō.
E ai ki ngā raraunga hou mai i te European Drought Observatory, e 47 ōrau o te whenua o te EU kei raro i te whakatūpato mō te tauraki, ā, e 17 ōrau kei te taumata teitei ake. I te katoa, neke atu i te 60% o te whenua o te EU kei roto i te raruraru i puta mai i te tauraki.
E ai ki te pūrongo a Andrea, he kairangahau e kohikohi ana i ngā raraunga mō te European Drought Observatory, tērā pea ka pāngia a Ūropi e te tauraki kino rawa atu i roto i te 500 tau pea.
I kī a Andrea he tino kino te tauraki i Ūropi i te tau 2018, ā, kāore i rite ngā tauraki i roto i ngā tau 500 kua pahure ake nei, ā, e ai ki ōna wheako, he nui atu pea te kino o tēnei i tō te tau 2018.
I ngā whenua rerekē, he tino kino te tauraki i Pāniora. Kua heke tonu te kaha o ngā puna wai o Pāniora mai i te marama o Ākuhata, ā, e 40 ōrau anake o tōna kaha e toe ana, e 20 ōrau i raro iho i te kaha toharite mō taua wā anō i te tekau tau kua hipa.
Ko Itari tētahi o ngā whenua i tino pāngia e te tauraki, ā, ko te awa nui rawa atu, ko te awa —— Po, kua heke ki tōna taumata iti rawa i roto i ngā tau 70. Kua whakapuakina e te kāwanatanga he āhuatanga ohorere i te rohe o te awa o Po, e kapi ana i te neke atu i te hautoru o te hua ahuwhenua o Itari.
Kei te pāngia a Wīwī e te tauraki kino rawa atu o te hītori, e tino pāngia ana te wai inu, te whakamakuku ahuwhenua me ngā putunga hiko, me te wai i roto i te neke atu i te 100 ngā tāone me ngā tāone iti. Kua whakatūpato ngā kaipāmu o te rohe tera pea ka pāngia ngā putunga miraka kei te mākete i tēnei hotoke mena ka haere tonu te tauraki.
Kei te puta he maha ngā pānga kino ki te ōhanga o Ūropi nā tēnei tauraki onge. Kua whakatūpato te kaiwhakahaere matua o te Tari Ātea o Ūropi, ki te kore e aro ki te huringa āhuarangi, ka ngaro pea i a Ūropi ngā tekau piriona tāra i tēnei rautau, ka nui ake rānei i ngā pānga kino o te raruraru pūngao.
Ngā haki whero o te Arctic
Ko te mōrearea nui rawa atu pea o ngā pāmahana tino kino i Ūropi ko te tere haere o te rewa o ngā awaawa hukapapa o te Arctic.
Kei te tere ake te mahana o te Washington Post i tā te tini o ngā kaipūtaiao i whakaaro ai, e kī ana i tētahi rangahau hou i whakaputaina i roto i te puka Nature Communications-The Earth and the Environment (te puka Nature Communications Earth and Environment), e ai ki te CCTV News.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ko te Arctic tētahi o ngā rohe tino kino rawa atu e pāngia ana e te mahana o te ao, ā, ko ngā Moutere o Svalbard o te Arctic te marama tino wera o Hune kua tuhia. I tētahi wā, ka piki te pāmahana o te Arctic Circle ki te 32.5 nekehanga Celsius i te marama o Hūrae.
I tua atu, i tātarihia e te rangahau ngā ia o te pāmahana i te Arctic Circle mai i te tau 1979 ki te 2021, ā, i kitea ko te mahana haere i ngā wāhanga o Ūrāhia o te Moana Arctic, inā koa i te Moana Barents, e whitu ngā wā i te toharite o te ao.
I mua, i mataku te ao i te wera nui o te Arctic, ā, kua noho hei kaupapa wera te kaupapa "Ka taea e te Arctic te mau i ngā ringaringa poto".
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga hou kua piki te pāmahana toharite ā-tau i te rohe o te Moana Barents mā te 2.7 nekehanga Celsius i ia 10 tau i roto i ngā tau 20 ki te 40 kua pahure ake nei, ā, ko te Moana Barents me ōna moutere te wāhi e tere haere ana te mahana o te ao.
Kei te tere ake te rewa o ngā awa hukapapa o te Arctic nā te nui o ngā pāmahana. I te mutunga o Hūrae, e 40 piriona tana o te hukapapa i te Arctic Svalbard kua rewa ki roto i ngā moana, e ai ki ngā raraunga rangahau hou mai i te puka Nature Communications-Earth and the Environment.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei te tere ake te rewa o te papa hukapapa e taupoki ana i a Greenland, te moutere nui rawa atu o te ao. E ai ki ngā kairangahau o Te Whare Wānanga o Texas, he tino miharo te nui o te rewa o te papa hukapapa o Greenland nā te pikinga o te pāmahana, ā, e rangona ana te rewa o te hukapapa i mua i a rātou.
E ai ki ngā puna mana, ko te nuinga o Greenland kei roto i te Arctic Circle, ā, tata ki te 80 ōrau o te moutere e kapi ana i ngā papa hukapapa, ko te tuarua o ngā mea nui rawa atu o te ao, e tata ana ki te 1.8 miriona kiromita tapawha te rahi, whai muri i te papa hukapapa o Antarctic, ā, ko te pāmahana toharite ia tau kei raro iho i te 0 nekehanga Celsius.
Mai i Hune ki te tīmatanga o Hepetema, koinei te wā mimiti o te hukapapa o Greenland. Engari mai i te Hūrae 2022, kua tere ake te rewa o te hukapapa i Greenland nā te pāmahana tino teitei i Ūropi. Kua whakatūpato ngā kairangahau mēnā ka haere tonu ngā pānga kino o te huringa āhuarangi, pērā i te pāmahana teitei, ka rewa tonu te hukapapa o Greenland, ā, ka piki ake ngā taumata o te moana o te ao mā te 7.5 mita, e ai ki ngā kairangahau.
Ko te raruraru nui rawa atu i te Hauāuru o Amerika
I tērā taha o te moana, kei te pāngia hoki te US e te tauraki nui.
E ai ki te US Drought Monitor (USDM), tata ki te 6 ōrau o te taha hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika he tino maroke, e ai ki te US Drought Monitor (USDM), he nui ngā mate o ngā hua whenua me ngā wahi kai o te rohe, me te korenga o te wai whānui.
Hei tāpiritanga, e 23 ōrau o te taha hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika kei roto i te tauraki nui, kei raro iho i te "tauraki nui"; e 26 ōrau kei roto i te tauraki nui, ka puta tonu te korenga o te wai, ā, ka whakatakotohia e ngā kāwanatanga ā-rohe he here wai.
Ko te tikanga o tēnā, e 55 ōrau o te taha hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika kei runga ake i te tauraki kino i tēnei wā. He maha ngā pāpāho o Amerika i kī koinei te tauraki kino rawa atu i roto i ngā tau neke atu i te 200.
Ina koa, ko te kawanatanga tino taupori, ko —— California, kua 100 ōrau o ōna rohe i pūrongohia he tauraki, me te 97.5 ōrau e pāngia ana e te tauraki kino, neke atu rānei.
Kua tonoa ngā tāngata whenua o te tonga o California kia whakaiti i te whakamahinga wai mā te 20 ōrau, i te wā i hui ai a Kāwana Gavin Newsom i te mutunga o Hūrae, i kī ia me nui ake ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana mō ngā rauemi wai, ā, me mahi tahi te kāwanatanga me pēhea te uru atu, te penapena me te tohatoha.
Hei tāpiritanga, i tangi anō hoki te roto o Mead, te puna wai nui rawa atu i te Hononga o Amerika, i te whakatūpato. Kua tino heke te wai o roto o Mead i ngā tau 20 kua pahure ake nei, e ai ki ngā whakaahua amiorangi i tukuna e NASA i te mutunga o Hūrae. I te 18 o Hūrae, ko te taumata wai o roto o Midd he 27% noa iho o tōna taumata wai mōrahi, koinei te taumata iti rawa mai i te tau 1937.
Wā tuku: 18 o Ākuhata 2022