I-Spring Cage vs Screw Terminal Blocks — Ukumelana Nokudlidliza Ezicelweni Zesitimela

Uma Isikulufu Esikhululekile Sibiza Umqhubi Wesitimela €340,000 Ekulungiseni

Bengibonisana nomqhubi wesitimela wesifunda e-Central Europe lapho behlangabezana nochungechunge lokwehluleka kwe-traction converter emikhunjini yabo yesifunda ye-DMU. Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yembangela kwathatha amasonto amathathu futhi kwahilela ukukhumula amamojula ayisithupha e-converter. Okutholakele kwakuthobisa futhi kubikezela ngokuphelele: amabhlogo esikulufo axhumanisa ama-DC busbars ayekhululiwe kancane kancane ngaphansi kokudlidliza okuqhubekayo kwemishini engaphansi komhlaba. Ngenxa yokuthi isitimela sasisebenza emizileni enezinkinga ezinkulu zethrekhi, imvamisa yokudlidliza eyinhloko yehle ngqo ebangeni lama-20-40 Hz lapho amandla okubamba ama-screw terminal ehla khona ngokushesha - futhi ezinyangeni ezingu-18 zenkonzo, amandla okubamba kuma-terminal amaningana ayehle ngaphezu kwama-60%..

Ukwehla kwezinkinga kwakufundisa: i-terminal ekhululekile → ukumelana okukhulu kokuthintana → ukushisa okusendaweni → ukuqhuma kokushisa endaweni yokuthintana → ukuchithwa kwesiliva → ukuchithwa kwe-arcing → ukubhujiswa kwemodyuli ye-converter. Umonakalo ophelele: €340,000 kumamojula wokufaka esikhundleni kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenkonzo kwamasonto ayisithupha. Ukulungiswa kokuvimbela - ukufaka esikhundleni wonke amabhlogo we-terminal angu-340 esikulufo nge-converter ngayinye nge-equivalents ye-spring cage - kubize €17,000 ngeyunithi ngayinye. Inhloko yokugcinwa komqhubi yangitshela kamuva ukuthi kufanele babe namabhlogo e-spring cage acacisiwe kusukela ekuthengweni kokuqala, futhi wayeqinisile.

Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho akuhlukile. Kuyo yonke imboni yezitimela zomhlaba wonke, impikiswano phakathi kwekheji lentwasahlobo kanye namabhulokhi esiphelo se-screw ezicelo ezizwela ukudlidliza ixazululwe ngempumelelo ukuze kusetshenziswe ikheji lentwasahlobo kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezintsha ze-rolling stock. Izinhlangano zezindinganiso ze-IEC kanye ne-EN ziqaphele, futhi ukubuyekezwa kwamanje kwe-EN 50155 kubonisa ukuvumelana okukhulayo kokuthi ubuchwepheshe bekheji lentwasahlobo buyindlela ezenzakalelayo yokuxhuma ugesi we-rolling stock. Kodwa ukuqonda isisekelo sobuchwepheshe salokhu kuvumelana - nokwazi ukuthi ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi amabhulokhi esiphelo sekheji lentwasahlobo lomhlinzeki ahlangabezana ngempela nezindinganiso - kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi unjiniyela wokuthenga noma umphathi wokulungisa osebenza nezinhlelo zikagesi zesitimela.

Ukuhlela i-EN 50155:2021 — Lokho Okudingwa Yizinga Ngempela

Izinga le-EN 50155:2021 le-European Railway Agency ("Izicelo Zesitimela — I-Rolling Stock — Imishini Ye-elekthronikhi") liyincazelo ebusayo yazo zonke izinto zikagesi ezifakwe ezimotweni zesitimela e-EU kanye nasezimakethe eziningi zokuthumela ngaphandle ezibhekisela ezindinganisweni zesitimela zaseYurophu. Ukuqonda leli zinga kubalulekile ukuze kucaciswe noma yiliphi ibhulokhi lesiteshi sesitimela sezinhlelo zokusebenza zesitimela.

Isigaba 9.3: Ukuhlolwa Kokudlidliza Nokwethuka

I-EN 50155:2021 Isigaba 9.3 sichaza izidingo zokuhlola ukudlidliza okumele zidlule yonke imishini kagesi — kufaka phakathi amabhlogo e-terminal — ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa kwesitoko esigoqekayo. Izindinganiso zibhekisela ku-IEC 60068-2-6 ("Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo — Ingxenye 2-6: Ukuhlolwa — Ukuhlolwa kwe-Test Fc: Ukudlidliza (i-Sinusoidal)") njengendlela yokuhlola eyinhloko, kodwa zengeza izidingo ezithile zesitimela ezidinga kakhulu kunezindinganiso zezimboni ezijwayelekile.

Amapharamitha okuhlola ahlukaniswe ngokwendawo yokufaka emotweni, kanti isigaba 1 simele indawo enzima kakhulu (imishini efakwe ngqo emzimbeni wemoto, ivezwe kububanzi obugcwele bokudlidliza obuvela ekusebenzisaneni kwe-bogie kanye nethrekhi) kanye nesigaba 3 simele indawo engeyinhle kakhulu (imishini efakwe kuma-subframe ahlukaniswe ukudlidliza).

Isigaba	Indawo Yokufaka	Ibanga Lokuvama	Ukufuduka	Ukusheshisa	Ubude besikhathi
Isigaba 1	Ifakwe emzimbeni (ngaphansi kwesitezi, ukumiswa)	5–150 Hz	0.5 mm pp	10 m/s² (≈1g)	Ukushanela/i-axis eyi-10
Isigaba 2	Ifakwe kufreyimu (i-chassis, amakhabethe)	5–150 Hz	0.35 mm pp	7 m/s² (≈0.7g)	Ukushanela/i-axis eyi-10
Isigaba 3	Izithasiselo ezihlukanisiwe nokudlidliza	5–150 Hz	0.15 mm pp	3 m/s² (≈0.3g)	Ukushanela/i-axis eyi-10

Ngoba i-EN 50155 idinga ukuhlolwa ngama-axes amathathu aqondile (okuqondile, okuseceleni, kanye nokwe-longitudinal), ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokudlidliza kwebhulokhi yokugcina kusho imijikelezo yokushanela engu-30 iyonke. I-axis ngayinye ihlolwa ngokuzimela, futhi ibhulokhi yokugcina akumele ibonise noma yimuphi umonakalo ongokwenyama, ushintsho lokumelana nokuxhumana oludlula umkhawulo oshiwo, noma ukuwohloka kokusebenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kochungechunge lokuhlola.

Izidingo Zokulinganisa Ukumelana Nokuxhumana

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlolwa kokudlidliza kwe-EN 50155 — futhi esinye esinganakwa yizincazelo eziningi zokuthengwa — isidingo sokuqapha ukumelana nokuxhumana ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlolwa kokudlidliza. Ngokusho kwe-IEC 60068-2-6, ukumelana nokuxhumana kumele kulinganiswe ngamaphuzu amane: ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, maphakathi nokuhlolwa, ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, kanye nemizuzu engama-30 ngemva kokuhlolwa (ukuvumela ukuzinza kokushisa).

Umgomo wokudlula wokumelana nokuxhumana uncike ohlotsheni lwebhulokhi yesiphelo kanye nokusetshenziswa, kodwa ekusetshenzisweni kwesitimela, ukuvumelana kwemboni ukuthi ukwanda kokumelana nokuxhumana ngemva kokudlidliza okungaphezu kuka-20% kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa kuyiphutha. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-terminal ekheji lentwasahlobo agcina ingcindezi yokuxhumana ngamandla entwasahlobo kunokungqubuzana phakathi kwesikulufu nomqhubi, amelana ngokuyisisekelo nokugqwala okubangela ukuwohloka kokumelana nokuxhumana kuma-terminal e-screw ngaphansi kokudlidliza..

Izidingo Ezengeziwe Zemvelo ku-EN 50155

Ngale kokudlidliza, i-EN 50155:2021 idinga amabhlogo esiphelo ukuze kudlule isethi ephelele yezivivinyo zemvelo ezisebenzisana nesidingo sokudlidliza ngezindlela ezibalulekile. Ukuhlolwa komswakama (IEC 60068-2-78, 93% RH ku-40°C izinsuku ezi-4) kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukungena komswakama kungasheshisa ukugqwala kwama-fretting kuma-screw terminals. Ukuhlolwa kokujikeleza kokushisa (ngokuvamile kusuka ku--25°C kuya ku-+70°C, imijikelezo emi-5) kungaveza izinkinga zokunwebeka okuhlukile endlini yesiphelo kanye nendlela yokuxhumana.

Kumabhulokhi e-terminal ahloselwe imishini yangaphandle ezimotweni zesitimela (ama-windscreen, izilawuli zeminyango, izinzwa zamabhuleki), ukuhlolwa kwe-salt mist (IEC 60068-2-52, izinga lobukhali 2) nakho kuyimpoqo futhi kungadalula izinkinga zokugqwala emshinini wentwasahlobo ezingeke zibonakale ekuhlolweni kokudlidliza kwelabhorethri okulawulwayo kuphela.

I-Mechanical Physics yokuthi Kungani Ama-Screw Terminals Ehluleka Ngaphansi Kokudlidliza

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kungani amabhlogo e-terminal cage yasentwasahlobo eseyisinqumo esizenzakalelayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zesitimela, sidinga ukuhlola umehluko oyisisekelo wemishini phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubili bokuxhuma. Imodi yokwehluleka kwama-terminal screw ngaphansi kokudlidliza ayicacile — kuyinqubo ebonakalayo ebikezelwayo, ephindaphindwayo eye yachazwa kahle ezincwadini futhi yaqinisekiswa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwensimu.

Indlela Yokugqwala Eqhubekayo

Uma i-terminal yesikulufu iqinisiwe, idala amandla okubopha phakathi kwekhanda lesikulufu (noma ipuleti lokucindezela) kanye nomqhubi. La mandla agcinwa ukungqubuzana ezindaweni zokuxhumana. Ngaphansi kokudlidliza, ukunyakaza okuncane kwama-micrometer angu-1-10 kwenzeka kulezi zindawo zokuxhumana, ngisho nalapho amandla okubopha amakhulu ebonakala engashintshi. Ngenxa yokuthi izindawo zokuxhumana zingaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokuxhumana, lokhu kunyakaza okuncane kubangela ukukhungatheka — inqubo yokuguguleka esusa izinto kuzo zombili izindawo futhi ikhiqize izinhlayiya ze-oxide ezivikelayo endaweni exhumanayo..

Njengoba ukukhukhumala kuqhubeka, indawo yokuxhumana yangempela iyancipha, okwandisa ubuningi bamanje ezindaweni zokuxhumana ezisele. Lokhu kushisa okusendaweni kusheshisa inqubo yokushiswa kwe-oxidation, kudala i-feedback loop enhle eholela ekukhuleni okukhulu kokumelana kokuxhumana. Esikhungweni sezimboni esinakekelwa kahle esinezikhawu zokuhlola ezijwayelekile, uchwepheshe angabona ukumelana kokuxhumana okwandayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezithombe zokushisa njalo futhi aphinde aguqule ama-terminal ngaphambi kokwehluleka okukhulu. Esimweni sesitimela esinezinkulungwane zezindawo zokuxhumana kulo lonke iqembu, lolu hlobo lokuqapha komuntu ngamunye alunakwenzeka.

Indlela Ehlukile Yokufaka Ikheji Lasentwasahlobo

Amabhulokhi esiphetho sekheji lentwasahlobo athatha indawo yendlela yokufaka izikulufo ngokuxhumana okugcwele intwasahlobo. Uma umqhubi efakwa esiphetho sekheji lentwasahlobo, amandla entwasahlobo agcina amandla avamile ahlala njalo kumqhubi, okudala isikhombimsebenzisi sokuxhumana esingangenisi igesi. Umehluko oyinhloko kuma-terminal esikulufo ukuthi indlela yentwasahlobo iqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nokujikeleza kokushisa kanye nokunyakaza okuncane ngokusebenzisa amandla okubuyisela alingana nokufuduka — hhayi amandla okungqubuzana aqinile.

Uma i-terminal yekheji lentwasahlobo idlidlizwa, intwasahlobo imunca ukunyakaza okuhlobene esibonakalayo sokuxhumana, igcina ingcindezi yokuxhumana eqhubekayo kulo lonke umcimbi wokudlidliza. Izinto zentwasahlobo (ngokuvamile insimbi engagqwali eqinile noma i-nickel-titanium alloy yokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu) zikhethwa ukuze zimelane nokukhathala, futhi i-geometry yentwasahlobo yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okuxhumana ahlala ngaphakathi kwencazelo okungenani imijikelezo yokudlidliza eyi-100,000 - okungaphezu kwalokho okudingwa yinoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuhlola lwe-EN 50155.

"Inzuzo eyisisekelo yobuchwepheshe bekheji lasentwasahlobo ekusetshenzisweni kwezitimela akuyona noma iyiphi indlela eyodwa yokusebenza - iwukususa imodi yokwehluleka. Uma i-terminal yesikulufu yehluleka, yehluleka kancane kancane futhi ngokungalindelekile. Uma i-terminal yekheji lasentwasahlobo yehluleka, ngokuvamile yehluleka ngokushesha nangokubonakalayo. Izindlela zokwehluleka okuqhubekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezitimela ezibalulekile zokuphepha ziyingozi kakhulu kunezisheshayo."

Ukuhamba Ngebhayisikili Okushisayo: Umlingani Othule Womonakalo Wokudlidliza

Ezisetshenzisweni zesitimela, ukudlidliza akuvamile ukusebenza kodwa. Indawo eshisayo emotweni yesitimela inamandla kakhulu: amazinga okushisa asukela ku--40°C emisebenzini yasebusika kuya ku-+70°C elangeni eliqondile emishinini efakwe ophahleni, futhi ama-gradients okushisa endaweni eyodwa yemishini angadlula u-30°C. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke ibhulokhi yesitimela emotweni yesitimela ibhekana nokujikeleza kokushisa ngasikhathi sinye kanye nokudlidliza komshini - isimo sokucindezeleka esihlangene esisheshisa kokubili ukugqwala okungapheli kanye nokukhathala kwentwasahlobo.

Ukusebenzisana phakathi kokujikeleza kokushisa kanye nokudlidliza kunzima kakhulu kuma-terminal screw. Lapho i-terminal block ishisa kusukela ekugelezeni kwamanje bese iphola emoyeni wasebusuku, ukwanda kokushisa okuhlukile phakathi komzimba we-terminal yethusi (i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa: 19 × 10⁻⁶/°C) kanye ne-screw yensimbi (11–13 × 10⁻⁶/°C) kudala ukunyakaza okuncane okwengeziwe esibonakalayo sokubopha. Ngenxa yokuthi le miphumela yokujikeleza kokushisa iyanqwabelana futhi ayinakuguqulwa, i-terminal yesikulufu esisebenze iminyaka emi-5 endaweni yesitimela esijikeleza ngokushisa izoba namandla okubopha ancishisiwe kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-terminal efanayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa — kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-torqued iphindwe kabusha..

Ama-terminal ekheji lentwasahlobo awavikelekile emiphumeleni yokujikeleza kokushisa, kodwa indlela yentwasahlobo iklanyelwe ukwamukela ukwanda kokushisa ngaphandle kokudlulisela ukucindezeleka esibonakalayo sokuxhumana. Intwasahlobo ivame ukuhlukaniswa nomzimba we-terminal oyinhloko nge-ceramic noma i-polymer insulator, enciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa futhi ivumele intwasahlobo ukuthi igcine amandla ayo aklanyelwe ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka--40°C kuya ku-+120°C.

Indlela Yokuhlola Isitifiketi Sesitimela Somhlinzeki Wezithili Ze-Terminal Block

Njengoba sengibukeze amakhulu emininingwane ye-terminal block kanye nemibiko yokuhlola yamakhasimende ezitimela, ngithuthukise indlela ehlelekile yokuhlola abaphakeli engiyincoma kubo bonke onjiniyela bokuthenga. Iphutha elivame kakhulu engilibonayo ukwamukela isifungo somhlinzeki sokuhambisana nomthetho njengobufakazi bokuthobela imithetho. Kuchungechunge lokunikezwa kwempahla yesitimela lwangempela, ukuqinisekiswa komuntu wesithathu akuyona into ongayikhetha.

Isinyathelo 1: Qinisekisa Ukugunyazwa Kwelabhorethri Yokuhlola

Umbiko wokuhlolwa kumele ukhishwe yilabhorethri egunyazwe yi-ISO/IEC 17025 ukuze kutholakale izinga elithile lokuhlolwa elibhekiselwe kulo. Amalabhorethri amakhulu agunyaziwe okuhlolwa kwezitimela afaka phakathi i-SGS (Geneva), i-Bureau Veritas (Paris), i-TÜV Rheinland (Cologne), kanye ne-Ricardo Rail (UK). Umbiko wokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi komhlinzeki awubufakazi obamukelekayo bokuhambisana ne-EN 50155 — ungabonisa ukuthi umhlinzeki uwuhlolile umkhiqizo, kodwa awukwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwe ngezinga elidingekayo noma kuhunyushwe kahle.

Isinyathelo 2: Hlola Ukuhlonza Isampula Yokuhlola

Umbiko wokuhlola kumele ufake ukuhlonza okucacile kwesampula yokuhlola — inombolo eqondile yengxenye, inombolo yebhetshi, kanye nekhodi yosuku lokukhiqiza yebhulokhi yokugcina evivinyiwe. Umbiko wokuhlola obhekisela "kumasampula amele" ngaphandle kokuhlonza okuqondile awanele. Isampula kumele ibe senqubo efanayo yokukhiqiza nezinto zokwakha njengomkhiqizo othengwayo. Uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukunikeza umbiko wokuhlola wenombolo eqondile yengxenye ecashuniwe, lokhu kuyifulegi elibomvu elidinga uphenyo olwengeziwe.

Isinyathelo 3: Qinisekisa Amapharamitha Okuhlola Asetshenzisiwe

Buyekeza ithebula lamapharamitha okuhlola ombiko wokuhlola ngokucophelela. Ukuze kuhambisane ne-EN 50155, amapharamitha alandelayo kumele achazwe: ububanzi bemvamisa (ngokuvamile 5–150 Hz yeSigaba 1), ubukhulu bokufuduka (0.5 mm pp yeSigaba 1), ubukhulu bokusheshisa (10 m/s² yeSigaba 1), inani lama-axes ahlolwe (amathathu: aqondile, ahlangothini, abude), inani lemijikelezo yokushelela nge-axis ngayinye (10), kanye nenqubo yokwamukela yokushintsha kokumelana kokuxhumana (ngokuvamile

Umehluko owodwa ovamile engiwuthola emibikweni yokuhlola umhlinzeki ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwe kumapharamitha eSigaba 2 lapho ishidi ledatha lithi kulandelwa imithetho yeSigaba 1. Lokhu kuwukuhlanekezela okukhulu. Uma isicelo sakho sidinga ukusebenza kweSigaba 1, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwe kumapharamitha eSigaba 1 — hhayi nje ukuthi umhlinzeki unombiko wokuhlola obhalwe ukuthi "EN 50155."

Isinyathelo 4: Qinisekisa Idatha Yokumelana Nokuxhumana

Cela izilinganiso zangempela zokumelana nokuxhumana kusukela ekuhlolweni kokudlidliza — hhayi nje isitatimende sokuthi i-terminal iphumelele ukuhlolwa. Umbiko kufanele ufake izilinganiso zangaphambi kokuhlolwa, phakathi kokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa kokuphela, kanye nezilinganiso zangemuva kokuzinza kwe-axis ngayinye evivinyiwe. Bheka izitayela: uma ukumelana nokuxhumana kukhula kancane kancane ngemijikelezo yokuhlola kunoma iyiphi i-axis, lokhu kubonisa inkinga yokugqwala okuvelayo engabonakala njengokwehluleka kwensimu kungakapheli iminyaka engu-2-3 yesevisi.

Kumabhulokhi esiphelo sekheji lasentwasahlobo, ukwehluka kokumelana kokuthintana kufanele kube kuncane — ngokuvamile kungaphansi kuka-0.5 mΩ ushintsho kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekuzinzeni, futhi kungabikho ukwanda okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Kwa-J-Guang, uchungechunge lwethu lwebhulokhi yesiteshi sesitimela se-PCT-211 DIN lukhombisa ukuzinza kokumelana kokuthintana ngaphakathi kuka-0.2 mΩ kuzo zonke izingqimba ezintathu zokuhlola ze-EN 50155, okuyisilinganiso engisisebenzisayo lapho ngihlola noma yiliphi ibhulokhi yesiteshi sezinhlelo zokusebenza zesitimela.

Isinyathelo 5: Qinisekisa Amandla Enqubo Yokukhiqiza

Ngokuthengwa kwevolumu (ngaphezu kwamabhulokhi esiphelo angu-10,000 nge-oda ngalinye), ngincoma ukucela umbiko we-Manufacturing Process Capability njengengxenye yeziqu zomhlinzeki. Amandla entwasahlobo e-terminal block ye-spring cage iyisici esibalulekile ekhwalithini okumele silawulwe ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana okuqinile. Cela umhlinzeki ngedatha yakhe yokulinganisa amandla entwasahlobo kusuka emgqeni wokukhiqiza - amandla entwasahlobo aphakathi kufanele abe ngaphakathi kwe-±15% yenani elijwayelekile, kanye ne-Cpk (inkomba yamandla enqubo) okungenani engu-1.33 yezicelo zokuphepha ezibalulekile.

Izindlela Zokukhetha Eziqondile Zokusetshenziswa Kwesitimela Ngaphandle Kokudlidliza

Ukumelana nokudlidliza kuyisici esiyinhloko sokuhlukanisa phakathi kwekheji yasentwasahlobo kanye namabhulokhi esiphetho sezikulufo, kodwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zesitimela zethula izindlela eziningana zokukhetha ezengeziwe ezingathonya ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokufakwa okuthile.

Ukuvikelwa Komlilo kanye Nobuthi Bentuthu

I-EN 45545-2 ("Izicelo Zesitimela - Ukuvikelwa Komlilo Ezimotweni Zesitimela - Ingxenye 2: Izidingo Zokuziphatha Kwezinto") ihlukanisa imishini kagesi ngokuya ngokusebenza kwayo emlilweni. Amabhulokhi esiteshi asetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho abagibeli bengena khona (amakhabethe angaphakathi, ideski lomshayeli) kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo zokuvikela umlilo ezidinga kakhulu - ngokuvamile i-HL2 noma i-HL3 kuye ngohlobo lwemoto kanye nendlela yokusebenza.

Amabhulokhi amaningi e-terminal cage entwasahlobo yezentengiselwano asebenzisa izinto zokuhlala ze-polyamide (PA) noma ze-polycarbonate (PC), ezifinyelela ekubambeni komlilo kwe-UL94 V-0. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke lezi zinto ezihlangabezana nezidingo zobuthi bentuthu ze-EN 45545-2, ezidinga ukuhlolwa ngokwe-ISO 5659-2 (ukuxinana kwentuthu) kanye ne-EN ISO 5659-3 (ukukhishwa kwegesi enobuthi). Ngezicelo zangaphakathi zesitimela, chaza amabhulokhi e-terminal anezinto zokuhlala eziqinisekiswe yi-EN 45545-2 HL2 noma ngaphezulu, bese uqinisekisa isitifiketi ngombiko wokuhlola wangempela kunesimangalo sedatha.

Isilinganiso se-Voltage kanye ne-Creepage Ibanga

Izinhlelo zikagesi zesitimela zisebenza ngama-voltage ahlukahlukene, kusukela kumasekethe okulawula e-VDC angu-24 kuya kuma-busbars kagesi we-traction angu-3,000 e-VDC. Amabhulokhi e-terminal ala mazinga ahlukene e-voltage kumele abe namabanga anele okucwila (indlela emfushane kakhulu phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili eziqhubayo ebusweni bento yokuvikela) ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kokulandelela. Ngokusho kwe-IEC 60664-1, ibanga elincane lokucwila lesekethe engu-24 ye-VDC endaweni yokungcola i-Pollution Degree 2 lingu-0.8 mm, kanti kwesekethe engu-3,000 ye-VDC, ibanga elincane lokucwila lingu-18 mm.

Amabhulokhi amaningi e-terminal cage entwasahlobo aklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kwezimboni alinganiselwe ama-voltage afinyelela ku-800 V, okwanele ezinhlelweni eziningi zamandla ezisizayo zokudonsa kodwa akwanele ukuxhumana kwe-busbar yokudonsa ngqo. Ngenxa yokuthi ibanga lokuhamba liwumsebenzi we-voltage kanye ne-pollution degree, kufanele ucacise izimo zemvelo ezilindelekile (ngaphakathi, ngaphandle, ukuchayeka othulini oluqhubayo noma umswakama) ngaphezu kwe-voltage yesistimu uma ukhetha amabhlogo esiphetho..

Usayizi Wentambo Nokuhambisana Nendlela Yokuqeda

Izimoto zesitimela zisebenzisa ububanzi obukhulu bezintambo, kusukela ku-0.5 mm² sensor leads kuya kukhebula lamandla elingu-240 mm². Ipulatifomu yebhulokhi yokugcina ehlanganisa ububanzi obuphelele bezintambo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza yenza kube lula ukuphathwa kwempahla futhi inciphise ingozi yamaphutha ezintambo ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokulungiswa. I-J-Guang's Ibhulokhi yesiteshi sokufaka isitimela se-PCT-211 DIN yamukela osayizi bezintambo kusukela ku-0.5 mm² kuya ku-16 mm² ngobukhulu bendlu eyodwa, obuhlanganisa cishe u-85% wosayizi wezintambo ezisetshenziswa kumakhabethe kagesi ajwayelekile esitimela.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuthengwa Kwempahla: Okufanele Kudingeke Yibo Bonke Abathengi Besitimela

Ngaphambi kokukhipha i-oda lokuthenga lamabhulokhi eziteshi zesitimela zezinhlelo zokusebenza zesitimela, izinto ezilandelayo kufanele ziqinisekiswe futhi zibhalwe phansi. Lolu hlu lokuhlola lusebenza kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-spring cage kanye ne-screw terminal, yize okulindelwe ukusebenza kuhluka kakhulu phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubili.

1. Umbiko wokuhlola we-EN 50155 wenkampani yangaphandle: Ikhishwe yilabhorethri egunyaziwe ye-ISO/IEC 17025, ehlanganisa inombolo ethile yengxenye kanye nokubuyekezwa okuthengwayo, enedatha ephelele yokumelana nokuxhumana yazo zonke izisekelo ezintathu zokuhlola.
2. I-EN 45545-2 Isitifiketi somlilo: Ngezicelo zangaphakathi, izinto zokwakha kumele zibe nesitifiketi esisemthethweni se-HL2 noma se-HL3 esivela elabhorethri egunyaziwe. Qinisekisa inombolo yesitifiketi uma uqhathanisa nenombolo yangempela yengxenye — izitifiketi zezinto ezijwayelekile azamukeleki ekuqinisekisweni komkhiqizo wokugcina.
3. Isilinganiso se-voltage kanye nokwamanje: I-voltage ekaliwe kumele ilingane noma idlule i-voltage ephezulu yesistimu kanye ne-margin yokuphepha engu-20%. I-current ekaliwe kumele ilingane noma idlule i-continuous current ephezulu kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni, okubalwa noma yikuphi ukuwohloka okudingekayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
4. Ukuhambisana kosayizi wentambo: Qinisekisa ukuthi ibhulokhi yokugcina iyamukela ububanzi obuphelele bosayizi bezintambo ezichazwe kumklamo wakho we-harness, kufaka phakathi ama-conductor e-fine-strand (Class 5 kanye ne-Class 6) adinga izindlela ezithile zokuqeda ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungenagesi.
5. Idatha yokukhiqiza amandla entwasahlobo: Ukuze uthole amabhlogo wokugcina ekheji lentwasahlobo, cela idatha ye-Cpk kumarekhodi okulawula inqubo yokukhiqiza yomhlinzeki. I-Cpk engu-
6. Idatha yokumelana nokushisa: Ibhulokhi yokugcina kumele ilinganiswe ngokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu endaweni esetshenziswayo, kanye nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okuvela ekugelezeni kwamanje. Ngemishini engaphansi komhlaba enamazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-70°C, chaza amabhulokhi yokugcina alinganiswe okungenani u-100°C.
7. Ukuhambisana kwezesekeli: Qinisekisa ukuthi izesekeli ezidingekayo — ama-jumper bars, ama-marker strips, ama-end brackets, amasokhethi okuhlola — ziyatholakala kumhlinzeki ofanayo futhi ziqinisekisiwe ukuthi ziyahambisana nepulatifomu ye-terminal block echaziwe. Ukuxuba izesekeli ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene kungasusa isitifiketi.

Kungani Ikheji Lentwasahlobo Kufanele Libe Yisinqumo Sakho Esizenzakalelayo Sezithili Zesitimela

Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu yokucacisa amabhlogo eziteshi zesitimela zezicelo zesitimela — kanye nokubukeza ukwehluleka okuningi kwensimu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zabaqhubi bezimoto eziningi — isincomo sami asicaci: amabhlogo eziteshi zesitimela kufanele abe yisinqumo esizenzakalelayo kuzo zonke izinhlelo zikagesi ezintsha zesitimela, kanye nama-screw terminal acatshangelwa kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile lapho imikhawulo ethile yenza i-spring cage ingafaneleki.

Impikiswano yokusebenza kahle iyathandeka yodwa. Uma ngibala izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi bekhabhinethi kagesi yesitimela ejwayelekile enokuxhumeka kweziteshi ezingama-500 esikhathini sokuphila kwemoto seminyaka eyi-15, umehluko wezindleko zokulungisa phakathi kwekheji yesipilingi kanye neziteshi zesikulufu zodwa - okubalwa ukuhlolwa kwe-torque kwekota, izinhlolovo zesithombe sokushisa, kanye nezindleko zomsebenzi zokushintsha i-torquing - ngokuvamile kudlula iphrimiyamu yezindleko zokuthenga zokuqala. Engeza izindleko zengozi zokwehluleka kwe-converter okungenzeka okubangelwa yi-terminal ekhululekile, futhi icala lekheji yesipilingi liba nzima kakhulu.

Kodwa ngale kwecala lezezimali, kukhona icala lokuphepha engilithola lithakazelisa nakakhulu. Izimoto zesitimela zisebenza ezindaweni lapho ukwehluleka kukagesi kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu — hhayi nje emishinini, kodwa nakubagibeli kanye nabasebenzi. Imodi yokwehluleka okuqhubekayo njengokuphumula kwe-screw terminal, enikeza izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezingatholakala ngokuhlolwa njalo, ingalawuleka emikhumbini enakekelwe kahle. Kodwa uma izikhawu zokuhlola zingatholakali, noma lapho indlela yokuhlola ingafaki izithombe zokushisa zokuxhumeka kwamandla aphezulu, izimpawu zokuxwayisa ziyaphuthelwa kuze kube yilapho ukwehluleka kwenzeka. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-terminal ekheji lasentwasahlobo ayahluleka ukubonwa futhi ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezimo ezingabangela ukuthi ama-terminal e-screw ahluleke kancane kancane futhi ngokungalindelekile, imodi yokuhluleka kwekheji lasentwasahlobo iphephile ngokwemvelo ekusetshenzisweni kwezitimela..

Uchungechunge lwe-PCT-211 lwe-spring cage DIN rail terminal blocks luka-J-Guang lusetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zezimoto zesitimela ezingaphezu kuka-30 emhlabeni jikelele, kanye nenkonzo yasensimini eqoqwe ngaphezu kwamahora okusebenza ayizigidi ezingu-8. Idatha yethu yokuhlola ye-EN 50155, etholakala kubo bonke onjiniyela bokuthenga uma iceliwe, ikhombisa ukuqina kokumelana kokuxhumana okuqhubekayo kuzo zonke izingqimba ezintathu zokuhlola kumapharamitha okudlidliza eSigaba 1. Uma ucacisa amabhulokhi e-terminal ephrojekthi entsha yesitimela noma uhlola ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhumbi ekhona, ngiyalamukela ithuba lokuxoxa ngezidingo zakho ezithile.